Cell Division -DNA Flashcards
Chargaff’s rules
A=T
G=C
A+G = T+C
How can drugs target dna directly
Electrostatic interaction with surface phosphates
Alkylation
Minor groove binding intercalating (compound binds to ring of ladder)
DNA cleavage (reactive specked that cuts dna)
Purine
A, G
Double
Pyrimidine
C, T
Single
What direction is each dna strand
5’ to 3’
What is nucleoside
Sugar+ nucleobase
How many hydrogen bonds in C,G
3
how many hydrogen bonds in AT
2
What is major and minor groove
Distance between two sections of the helical dna
How is dna structure stabilised
Pi-pi interactions
Electrostatic forces from the negative charges
Stacking
What is major groove motif
If H/O/N is attached to a donor/ acceptor
DNA tertiary structure
Histone
Nucleosome
Chromatin
Chromosomes
Action of topoisomerase
Cuts dna to relieve the tension caused by unravelling
Pulls chains apart so dna can pass
RNA involved in protein synthesis
mRNA
tRNA
rRNA
semi conservative replication
Separates into two strands
DNA synthesis
Needs a primer
Needs dna polymerases to proof read and remove incorrectly matching nucleotides
What is the leading strand in the replication fork
New strand made as a continuous piece
What is the lagging strand in the replication fork
Okazaki fragments in small pieces
Primer can’t continuously cut the dna so goes by small pieces
