lecture 3

Question 1

what is the RNA world hypothesis?

Answer 1

RNA evolved as a informational biopolymer before proteins, and even before DNA

Question 2

whats the order from DNA to protein

Answer 2

DNA to RNA to protein

Question 3

what is the information flow from DNA to protein?

Answer 3

DNA synthesis: replication
RNA synthesis: transcription: rewriting in different nucleotide font
protein synthesis: translation: rewriting in different language

Question 4

what is the process that makes DNA replicate itself called? which enzyme catalyzes it?

Answer 4

replication
catalyzed by DNA polymerase

Question 5

what is the process that allows for RNA to be created? which enzyme catalyzes?

Answer 5

transcription
catalyzed by RNA polymerase

Question 6

what is the process that allows for proteins to be created? which enzyme catalyzes?

Answer 6

translation
catalyzed by ribosomes

Question 7

whats the template for transcription? what does it specify?

Answer 7

exposed DNA strand
it specifies RNA sequence by Watson crick base-pairing

Question 8

true or false, during transcription, there’s a direct interaction between the template and rNTP

Answer 8

TRUE

Question 9

what does RNA polymerase do?

Answer 9

matches the right rNTPs to form perfect Watson-crick base pairs with template

Question 10

during transcription, in what direction is growth?

Answer 10

growth at the 3’ end

Question 11

what does RNA polymerase attack?

Answer 11

catalyzes attack of 3’-OH on alpha phosphate of incoming rNTP. Beta phosphate