Lecture 3

Question 1

3 Steps of Natural Selection

Answer 1

1. Elimination of individuals with a certain trait
2. Reproduction of survivors
3. Increase in frequency of traits better for survival

Question 2

Biogeography

Answer 2

Distribution of species correlates with geographic change

Question 3

Quantitative traits

Answer 3

Controlled by polygenic in heritance.
Affected by enviroment and genetics
Differences occur in a continuous range
numeric values

Question 4

Two Lines of evolution Evidence

Answer 4

Fossil Record and Biogeography

Question 5

Homology

Answer 5

Similarity resulting from common ancestry
- Even present when function has change

Question 6

Analogy

Answer 6

Similarity resulting from independent evolution of similar functions

Question 7

Convergent Evolution

Answer 7

2 independent paths to get a functionally similar function

Question 8

Mutations

Answer 8

Source of heritable variation that underlies evolution

Question 9

Mutation Traits

Answer 9

• Rare and random
• Not erased
• Shared mutations suggested shared ancestry
• lead to diversity in DNA sequences

Question 10

Qualitative Traits

Answer 10

Monogenic inheritance
Influenced by genes
Differences fall into distinct categories

Question 11

Adaptation

Answer 11

Inherited trait that enhances reproduction in a specific environment