Lecture 3 Flashcards
1
Q
three goals with restorative dentistry
A
Maintains tooth’s structure
Maintains tooth’s function
Diseases treated
2
Q
endodontics =
A
root canal
3
Q
deals with study and treatment of inside of tooth (pulp) and periapical tissues.
A
endodontics
4
Q
where is periapical tissue located
A
around the tip (apex) of the tooth root
5
Q
what does the tooth pulp consist of
A
nerves
blood vessels
lymphatics
connective tissue.
6
Q
found in pulp chamber (crown) and root canal (root) of tooth,
A
pulp tissue
7
Q
where does pulp tissue enter the tooth
A
through numerous small openings in apex of tooth root.
8
Q
what age patients are root canals generally performed on
A
12 months or old
9
Q
two reasons why root canals aren’t usually performed on young animals
A
have a larger pulp cavity than older animals
have an open root apex.
10
Q
what is used to irrigate the tooth for a root canal
A
Sodium hypochlorite
11
Q
common name of Sodium hypochlorite
A
bleach
12
Q
what is the restorative filling material used in a root canal
A
Gutta Percha
13
Q
why are metal crowns instead of porcelain crowns
A
due to their strength and need for less tooth removal.
14
Q
exodontics =
A
extraction
15
Q
Three indications to do an extraction
A
periodontal disease - grade 4
tooth fracture
Feline [Odontoclastic] Resorptive Lesions
16
Q
Two contraindications (reasons not to) for extractions
A
Severe alveolar bone loss (Fractures)
Lack of client permission
17
Q
Two ways do an extraction
A
closed
surgical
18
Q
Common name for feline resorptive lesions
A
Neck lesions
19
Q
etiology of feline resorptive lesions
A
unknown, vitamin D issues?
20
Q
how common is feline resorptive lesions in cats
A
20% to 70% - not common in dogs
21
Q
treatment for feline resorptive lesions depends on what kind of diagnostic test
A
xrays
22
Q
treatment for feline resorptive lesions with no root resorption
A
extraction
23
Q
treatment for feline resorptive lesions with root resorption
A
crown amputation
24
Q
A
feline resorptive lesions
25
feline resorptive lesions
26
what kind of teeth are closed extractions used for
single rooted teeth
27
what nerve block is used for closed extraction technique
regional block
28
how long should you wait for the block to take effect in closed extractions
5 - 10 mins
29
what tool is used for disrupt the gingival attachment in closed extractions
Gingival elevator
30
what two tools are used to loosen the periodontal ligament fibers in a closed extraction
Winged elevator
Luxator
31
what tool is used to extract the tooth in closed extractions
extraction forceps
32
winged elevator
33
what kind of teeth are surgical extractions used on
multi rooted teeth
34
what kind of block is used for surgical extractions
regional block
35
what tool is used to remove the gingival attachment in surgical extractions
gingival elevator
36
in surgical extractions, you create a gingival flap with what two tools
scalpel
scissors
37
how do you expose the roots in surgical extractions
drill with Burr bit
38
how is the tooth sectioned for surgical extractions
drill with burr bit
39
how are roots removed in surgical extractions
each root removed as a single rooted tooth
40
After all extractions, flush the alveolus with what
sterile isotonic saline or chlorhexidine
41
after all extractions, what can be placed in a large defect prior to suturing
Osteoconductive material such as Consil
42
what should be done with the gingival flap after all extractions
suture closed - make sure it is not under tension
43
how many classes of malocclusions are there
four
44
what class of malocclusion is:
Normal maxilla and
mandible length
but teeth in abnormal
position
class 1
45
what is a class 1 malocclusion also known as
neutroclusion
46
Class 1 Malocclusion - neutroclusion
47
what class of malocclusion is the most common to get orthodontic correction
class 1
48
may be rostral or caudal with one or more incisors positioned incorrectly, not allowing normal occlusion. (still a Class 1 malocclusion)
crossbite
49
crossbite
50
what class of malocclusion:
Mandible is shorter than maxilla, Can be a result of abnormally long maxilla (maxillary prognathism) or abnormally short mandible (mandibular brachygnathism).
class 2 (der der der dog LOL)
51
what is class 2 malocclusion also know as
distoclusion (overjet, overshot)
52
class 2 malcclusion - distoclusion (overjet, overshot)
53
what class of malocclusion:
long mandible or short maxilla
class 3
54
what is a class 3 malocclusion also know as
mesioclusion (underjet, undershot)
55
some breeds may have which class of malocclusion as a "normal" occlusion
class 3 (boxers, pugs, boston terriers)
56
class 3 malocclusion - mesioclusion (underjet, undershot)
57
what class of malocclusion:
One side of Maxilla or Mandible is shorter or longer
Than the opposite side, Appears as curvature of jaw
Class 4
58
what is class 4 malocclusion also known as
wrymouth
59
class 4 malocclusion - wrymouth
60
long jaw
prognathism
61
short jaw
brachygnathism
62
+gnathism
condition of the jaw
63
long top jaw
maxillary prognathism
64
short bottom jaw
mandibular brachygnathism
65
short top jaw
Maxillary Brachygnathism
66
long bottom jaw
mandibular prognathism
67
Mesocephalic
normal proportion head
68
Dolichocephalic
long skulled dog (greyhound, whippit)
69
Extraction of persistent deciduous or adult teeth that
are or will cause problems with malocclusion
interceptive orthodontics
70
most common gingival tumor
epulis
71
where do benign Peripheral odontogenic fibromas occur
tissue only
71
is the epulis tumor benign or malignant
benign
71
where do benign Acantomatous ameloblastomas occur
bone
72
treatment of choice for epulis tumors
surgery
73
what other therapy can be used for epulis tumors
radiation
74
four kinds of malignant oral tumors
malignant melanoma
squamous cell carcinoma
fibrosarcoma
osteosarcoma
75
what kind of malignant oral tumor is most common in cats
squamous cell carcinoma
76
most oral tumors of dogs are both ______ invasive and ________
locally
metastatic
77
for malignant melanoma, may increase survival times if surgery is performed.
vaccine
78
what malignant oral tumor is usually invasive
squamous cell carcinoma
79
what malignant oral tumor is invasive but generally slow growing
fibrosarcoma
80
what malignant oral tumor is invasive and metastatic
osteosarcoma
81
three treatments for oral neoplasia
surgery with radiation
chemotherapy
immunotherapy
82
This is diffuse inflammation of entire oral cavity.
Is most common in cats.
Etiology unknown, but may be due to presence of subgingival bacteria in the presence of herpes or caliciviruses.
lymphocytic plasmacytic stomatitis
83
four clinical signs of lymphocytic plasmacytic stomatitis
Anorexia
Halitosis
Dehydration
Bloody saliva
84
best treatment for lymphocytic plasmacytic stomatitis
full mouth extraction
85
additional treatments that can be tried for lymphocytic plasmacytic stomatitis
steriods
immunotherapy
laser
86
lymphocytic plasmacytic stomatitis
87
Disease where immune system forms antibodies toward specific component of myosin found only in muscles of mastication: temporal, masseter, and/or pterygoid muscles.
masticatory myositis
88
four clinical signs of masticatory myositis
Difficulty oening mouth
Decreased appetite
Dropping food
Muscle atrophy (Masseter and temporal)
89
treatment for masticatory myositis
steroids
90
most common jaw fracture in a cat
symphyseal separation
91
how is symphyseal separation mended in a cat
cerclage wire around mandible directly caudal to canine teeth.
92
symphyseal separation
93
how can many jaw fractures be stabilized
tape muzzle
94
what kind of diet must animals have if they have a jaw fracture stabilized with a tape muzzle
liquid diet
95
tape muzzle for a jaw fracture
96
how many deciduous teeth do horses have
24
97
how many adult teeth do horses have
36 to 44
98
first premolar in horses
wolf tooth
99
wolf teeth are present how often in female and male horses
25% females
15% males
100
three ways to use teeth as an age estimate in horses
dental star
galvaynes groove
eruption time
101
corresponds with pulp cavity, first appears as a line and then change to a large, round spot
dental star
102
when does the Galvaynes groove appear in horses
10 to 30 years
103
dental star
104
Galvaynes groove
105
when do canines of male horses erupt
4 to 6 years of age
106
when do canines of female horses erupt
they usually don't and are absent
107
The lower cheek teeth are approximately 30% narrower than the upper cheek teeth
Anisognathism
108
what is it called when the angle increases with anisognathism
Shear mouth
109
Shear mouth
110
Four clinical signs of equine dental disease
Weight loss
Dropping food/quidding
Head shaking
Tilting of head during mastication
111
Four ways to do dental imaging on horses
Skull radiographs
Nuclear scintigraphy
Computed tomography
Magnetic resonance imagery
112
Removes points, hooks, steps. etc on horses
dental floating
