Lecture 3

Question 1

Absorption of Lipids
5 Steps:

Question 2

Absorption of Lipids
Step 1:

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Step 1:

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Transport of TGs & other lipids from the GI tract by

Answer 7

lymph –> the Chylomicrons

Question 8

almost all the fats in the diet (except a few SCFAs) absorbed from the intestines into the

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intestinal lymph.

Question 9

Pathways for metabolism of chylomicrons synthesized in the intestine & VLDL in the liver.

Apo B, apolipoprotein B; Apo E, apolipoprotein E; FFA, free fatty acids; IDL, intermediate-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; LPL, lipoprotein lipase.

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Aside from the chylomicrons, which are very large lipoproteins, there are 4 major types of lipoproteins, classified by their

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densities as measured in the ultracentrifuge:

Question 19

4 major types of lipoproteins

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Very low density lipoproteins (VLDLs)
Intermediate-density lipoproteins (IDLs)
Low-density lipoproteins (LDLs)
High-density lipoproteins (HDLs)

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Very low density lipoproteins (VLDLs)

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which contain high concentrations of triglycerides & moderate concentrations of both cholesterol & phospholipids

Question 22

Intermediate-density lipoproteins (IDLs)

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which are VLDLs from which a share of the triglycerides has been removed, so the concentrations of cholesterol & phospholipids are increased;

Question 23

Low-density lipoproteins (LDLs)

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which are derived from IDLs by the removal of almost all the triglycerides, leaving an especially high concentration of cholesterol & a moderately high concentration of phospholipids

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High-density lipoproteins (HDLs)

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which contain a high concentration of protein (±50%) but much smaller concentrations of cholesterol & phospholipids.

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Almost all the lipoproteins are formed in the

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liver
- where most of the plasma cholesterol, phospholipids, & TGs are synthesized

Question 26

Small quantities of HDLs are synthesized in the

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intestinal epithelium during the absorption of FAs from the intestines.

Question 27

The primary function of the lipoproteins is to

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transport their lipid components in the blood.

Question 28

The VLDLs transport TGs synthesized in the liver mainly to the adipose tissue, whereas the other lipoproteins are especially important in

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the different stages of phospholipid & cholesterol transport from the liver to the peripheral tissues or from the periphery back to the liver.