Lecture 29 Flashcards
How do we know when HIV-1M first took hold?
When HIV-1 first occured was estimated by analysing HIV-1 sequences using parallel supercomputers and assuming a constant rate of evolution (essentially a molecular clock). This approach was validated by testing on two historically documented pointes. The estimated date of the last common ancestor of the main group of HIV-1 M to be 1931( 95% confidence between 1915 and 1941) and was done using a comprehensive full-length envelope sequence alignment (has disulfide links which make alignment easier).
What did a further away genetically HIV-1 strain mean?
The further away genetically, the later the HIV-1 strain was collected. The average time distance for a given genetic difference can give rise to a molecular clock.
When did SubType B HIV-1 most likely move to and out of Haiti? Why did it get there?
SubType B HIV-1 most likely moved to Haiti from Africa in or around 1966, migrating out of Haiti in or around 1969 (12 years before its USA recognition in 1981). It was able to reach Haiti dur to migrating workers from the Congo.
