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Anatomy Exam 3 (Sab) > Lecture 28 - Male Repro > Flashcards

Lecture 28 - Male Repro Flashcards

1
Q

What percent of male repro organs are outside of the body cavity?

A

90 or more

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2
Q

What structure in males pulls testes toward the inguinal canal during the descent of the testes?

A

gubernaculum testis

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3
Q

What structure in females is equivalent to the gubernaculum in males? It is inactive in females.

A

round ligament of the uterus

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4
Q

The efferent ductules connect what 2 structures?

A

rete testis and epididymis

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5
Q

The male gonad (testicle) produces what 2 things?

A

spermatazoids and hormones

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6
Q

What is the fibrous capsule that surrounds the testicle?

A

tunica albuginea

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7
Q

What structures inside the testicle produce the spermatazoids?

A

seminiferous tubules

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8
Q

What structure in the testicle is the network of tubules where the seminiferous tubules meet? This network is more or less in the middle of the testicle and collects the spermatazoids.

A

rete testis

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9
Q

What structure do the efferent ductules live within?

A

epididymis

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10
Q

What are the 3 main portions of the epididymis?

A
  1. head of the epididymis
  2. body of the epididymis
  3. tail of the epididymis
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11
Q

What structure is a continuation of the tail of the epididymis and is a strong duct you can palpate?

A

ductus deferens

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12
Q

T/F: The efferent ductules are microscopic, and you cannot see them in the gross anatomy.

A

T

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13
Q

What are the 2 ligaments in the caudal pole of the testicle?

A

ligament of the tail of the epididymis and proper ligament of the testis

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14
Q

Which ligament attaches the tail of the epididymis with the testicle?

A

proper ligament of the testis

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15
Q

The proper ligament of the testis is analogous to what structure in the female?

A

proper ligament of the ovary

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16
Q

Which ligament connects the tail of the epididymis with the scrotum? It is the only point where the testicle is attached to the scrotum.

A

ligament of the tail of the epididymis

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17
Q

The ligament of the tail of the epididymis used to be what structure in the fetus?

A

gubernaculum testis

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18
Q

What is the ligament that needs to be cut during a neuter?

A

ligament of the tail of the epididymis

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19
Q

T/F: The tail of the epididymis can be palpated during a physical exam.

A

T

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20
Q

In the dog, the scrotum is the [inguinal/perineal] position, and the cat scrotum is in the [inguinal/perineal] position.

A

inguinal, perineal

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21
Q

The dog scrotum has a [little/lot of] hair, and the cat scrotum has a [little/lot of] hair.

A

little, lot of

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22
Q

Which structure in the canine scrotum forms the septum between the 2 testicles?

A

tunica dartos

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23
Q

What are the 7 layers of the testicle from outside to in?

A
  1. skin
  2. tunica dartos
  3. external spermatic fascia
  4. internal spermatic fascia
  5. parietal vaginal tunic
  6. visceral vaginal tunic
  7. tunica albuginea
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24
Q

What are the 2 layers of dense connective tissue that comes from the same fascia of the oblique muscles?

A

external and internal spermatic fascia

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25
Q

Which layer corresponds to/is an extension of the parietal peritoneum that comes with the testicles from the abdomen?

A

parietal vaginal tunic

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26
Q

Which layer helps to regulate internal temperature according with the external temperature by contracting or relaxing the skin/scrotum.

A

tunica dartos

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27
Q

What cavity exists between the parietal vaginal tunic and visceral vaginal tunic?

A

vaginal cavity

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28
Q

The deep inguinal ring is formed by the aponeurosis of what muscles?

A

abdominal muscles

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29
Q

The vaginal process is also in females and is formed by what structure?

A

parietal peritoneum

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30
Q

The mesofuniculum separates into what 2 connecting layers?

A

mesorchium and mesoductus deferens

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31
Q

The cremaster muscle originates from the caudal free border of what muscle?

A

internal abdominal oblique muscle

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32
Q

Where does the cremaster muscle insert?

A

spermatic fascia and parietal vaginal tunic

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33
Q

The cremaster muscle is innervated by what nerve?

A

genitofemoral nerve

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34
Q

Which muscle acts to pull the testis closer to the body in response to the cremasteric reflex?

A

cremaster muscle

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35
Q

Is the cremasteric reflex sympathetic or parasympathetic?

A

sympathetic

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36
Q

Which reflex is associated with the cremaster muscle and happens during exercise/fighting in order to protect the testes?

A

cremasteric reflex

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37
Q

What are the 7 components of the spermatic cord?

A
  1. testicular artery and vein
  2. pampiniform plexus
  3. testicular nerve
  4. testicular lymphatics
  5. ductus deferens
  6. deferent artery and vein
  7. internal cremaster muscle
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38
Q

The ductus deferens originates from where?

A

tail of epididymis

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39
Q

The right testicular vein originates from where?

A

caudal vena cava

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40
Q

The left testicular vein originates from where?

A

left renal artery

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41
Q

What structure contains vessels that regulate temperature that the testicular artery is brining from the central abdominal cavity?

A

pampiniform plexus

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42
Q

What structures are distal in the spermatic cord and are close to the testes?

A

testicular vein and pampiniform plexus

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43
Q

The ampullary glands are very small and are located with in what structure?

A

ampulla

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44
Q

What are the accessory sex glands in the male dogs?

A

prostate and ampullary glands

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45
Q

The prostate and ampullary glands produce a fluid that adds what to ejaculate to provide a vehicle for sperm.

A

volume

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46
Q

The fluid from the accessory glands provides a source of energy for sperm and acts as a _____ for sperm by neutralizing the pH in urine and the CO2 produced in sperm.

A

buffer

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47
Q

The fluid from accessory glands produce _____ that cause smooth muscle contraction of the female repro tract.

A

prostaglandins

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48
Q

T/F: The prostate can even compress the urethra when it enlarges.

A

T

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49
Q

The colliculus seminalis is located on the dorsal surface of what?

A

prostatic urethra

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50
Q

The colliculus seminalis is the continuation of what?

A

urethral crest

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51
Q

Which ducts open on each side of the colliculus seminalis?

A

deferent ducts

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52
Q

The roots of the penis are firmly attached to the most caudal portion of the ischiatic tuberosity by what?

A

fibrous tissue

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53
Q

The erectile tissue of the penis is dense collagenous tissue with many elastic fibers and _____.

A

sinuses

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54
Q

The crura of the root of the penis is composed of what?

A

corpus cavernosum penis and tunica albuginea

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55
Q

The crura of the root of the penis is surrounded by what muscle?

A

ischiocavernosus muscle

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56
Q

The bulb of the penis and urethra is surrounded by what muscle?

A

bulbospongisus muscle

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57
Q

The bulb of the penis is an expansion of what?

A

corpus spongiosum penis

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58
Q

What thin band of muscle retracts the penis and keeps it in rest position?

A

retractor penis muscle

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59
Q

The corpus cavernosum is surrounded by what?

A

tunica albuginea

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60
Q

The pelvic portion of the urethra is surrounded by what muscle?

A

urethralis muscle

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61
Q

The os penis adds what during intromission (penetration)?

A

rigidity

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62
Q

What part of the os penis is made of cartilage, points ventrally, and is flexible?

A

apex

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63
Q

What ventral part of the os penis allows the urethra to pass through?

A

urethral groove

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64
Q

A fracture of the penis (tunica albuginea) causes what along with severe bleeding?

A

hematoma

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65
Q

What are the 3 layers of the prepuce from outside to in?

A
  1. external lamina
  2. internal lamina
  3. penile lamina
66
Q

What is the blind sac of the male repro system?

A

preputial fornix (fundus)

67
Q

What vessels have the main function of supplying the glans? They also supply the bulbus glandis.

A

dorsal artery and vein of the penis

68
Q

Which artery and vein run in the perineum?

A

ventral perineal artery and vein

69
Q

During non-erection, blood flow to the penis bypasses what? They contain only a small amount of blood during this time.

A

vascular spaces of the erectile tissue

70
Q

Erection results of the filling of what with blood?

A

cavernous bodies

71
Q

Stimulation of what nerve causes relaxation of smooth muscles of the arteries of the penis which allows an increase in blood flow to the penis.

A

pelvic nerve

72
Q

During erection, blood is directed into what structures of the erectile tissue?

A

helical arteries

73
Q

During erection, the penis enlarges and becomes _____.

A

turgid

74
Q

Which structures restrict/inhibit venous return in order to maintain an erection?

A

preputial orifice, ischial arch, ischiourethralis muscle, constrictor vulvae muscle, vestibuli muscle, and penis twisting on long axis

75
Q

What is the neurogenic maintenance of erection?

A

parasympathetic stimulation and retractor penis muscles relaxes

76
Q

Does erection have parasympathetic function or sympathetic function?

A

parasympathetic

77
Q

Does ejaculation have parasympathetic function or sympathetic function?

A

sympathetic

78
Q

What is the somatic function of ejactulation?

A

bulbospongiosus muscle contracts causing expulsion of semen

79
Q

What is the sympathetic function of ejaculation?

A

secretion of accessory sex glands

80
Q

What gland in cats produces a fluid that lubricates the urethra just before ejaculation?

A

bulbourethral gland

81
Q

When the feline penis is relaxed, it points in what direction?

A

caudally

82
Q

When the feline penis is erect, it points in what direction?

A

cranially

83
Q

What structures on the feline penis stimulate the female to ovulate during penetration by scratching the vaginal mucosa?

A

keratinized spines

84
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 1?

A

Prepuce

85
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 2?

A

Penis

86
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 3?

A

Spermatic cord

87
Q

What structures are indicated by the number 4?

A

Testis and epididymis

88
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 5?

A

Scrotum

89
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 6?

A

Ductus deferent

90
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 7?

A

Accessory sex glands

91
Q

What structures are indicated by the number 1?

A

Testicular parenchyma and seminiferous tubules

92
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 2?

A

tunica albuginea

93
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 3?

A

Rete testis

94
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 4?

A

Efferent ductules

95
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 5?

A

Epididymis

96
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 1?

A

Tail of epididymis

97
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 2?

A

Body of epididymis

98
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 3?

A

Cremaster muscle

99
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 4?

A

Pampiniform plexus

100
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 5?

A

Head of epididymis

101
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 4?

A

Pampiniform plexus

102
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 1?

A

Proper ligament of the testis

103
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 2? It needs to be cut during a neuter.

A

Ligament of the tail of the epididymis

104
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 1?

A

Proper ligament of the testis

105
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 2?

A

Ligament of the tail of the epididymis

106
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 3?

A

Cremaster muscle

107
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 4?

A

Ductus deferens

108
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 5?

A

Head of the epididymis

109
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 1?

A

Corpus cavernosum penis

110
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 2?

A

Corpus spongiosum penis

111
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 1?

A

Skin and tunica Darrow

112
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 2?

A

External spermatic fascia

113
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 3?

A

Internal spermatic fascia

114
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 4?

A

Parietal vaginal tunic

115
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 1?

A

Cremaster muscle

116
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 2?

A

Mesoductus deferens

117
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 3?

A

Mesofuniculum

118
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 4?

A

Mesodchium

119
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 5?

A

Testicular vessels

120
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 6?

A

Parietal vaginal tunic

121
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 7?

A

Visceral vaginal tunic

122
Q

What is this?

A

Testicular veins and pampiniform plexus

123
Q

What structures are indicated by the number 1?

A

Deep inguinal ring

124
Q

What structures are indicated by the number 2?

A

Deferent ducts

125
Q

What structures are indicated by the number 3?

A

Ampulla

126
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 1?

A

Glans penis

127
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 2?

A

Body

128
Q

What structures are indicated by the number 3?

A

Roots

129
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 7?

A

Bulb of the penis

130
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 8?

A

Urethra

131
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 1?

A

Corpus spongiosum penis

132
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 2?

A

Corpus spongiosum glandis of the bulbus glandis

133
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 3?

A

Corpus spongiosum glandis of the pars longa glandis

134
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 4?

A

Corpus cavernosum penis

135
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 1?

A

Ischiocavernosus muscle

136
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 2?

A

Retractor penis muscle

137
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 3?

A

Bulbospongiosus muscle

138
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 1?

A

Corpus spongiosum penis

139
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 2?

A

Urethra

140
Q

Structure 2 is surrounded by what muscle?

A

Urethralis muscle

141
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 3?

A

Os penis

142
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 4?

A

Corpus cavernosum penis

143
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 1?

A

Apex

144
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 2?

A

Body

145
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 3?

A

Base

146
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 4?

A

Urethral groove

147
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 1?

A

Tunica albuginea

148
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 2?

A

Bulbus glandis

149
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 3?

A

Os penis

150
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 4?

A

Urethra

151
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 5?

A

Corpus spongiosum penis

152
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 6?

A

Retractor penis muscle

153
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 1?

A

Retractor penis muscle

154
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 2?

A

Ischiocavernosus muscle

155
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 3?

A

Bulbospongiosus muscle

156
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 1?

A

Deep artery and vein of the penis

157
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 2?

A

artery and vein of the bulb

158
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 3?

A

Ventral perineal artery and vein

159
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 4?

A

Internal pudendal artery and vein

160
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 5?

A

Artery and vein of the penis

161
Q

What structure is indicated by the number 6?

A

Dorsal artery and vein of the penis

Anatomy Exam 3 (Sab) (11 decks)

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