Lecture 27: Gross Anatomy of the Paraalimentary Tract Flashcards
What are the para-alimentary structures?
- Salivary Glands
- Liver
- Pancreas
- Appendix
- Spleen
What are the three salivary glands?
- PAR-otid gland
- Submandibular
- Sublingual
What cranial nerve innervates the parotid gland?
CN IX
What cranial nerve looks like it innervates the parotid but actually doesn’t?
CN 5 5 branches Temporal Zygomatic Buccal Mandibular Cervical Two Zebras Bit My Cookie
Where does the liver develop?
In the ventral mesentery
Rotates horizontally to the right
What does the ventral pancreatic bud form?
The head of the pancreas
What is the falciform ligament?
Remnant of the ventral mesentery from embryology
What is the porta hepatis?
Gate of the liver Triad of structures 2 hepatic ducts (common bile duct) Hepatic artery Portal vein
What are the 4 compartments of the liver?
- right lobe
- left lobe
- caudate lobe (superior)
- quadrate lobe (inferior)
What are the 8 hepatic segments?
Segment I = caudate lobe
Segment II and III = left lobe
Segment IV = quadrate lobe
Segment V –VIII = right lobe
What is the anatomic border of the liver?
Separates left lobe from caudate and quadrate lobe
What is the functional border?
Separates right lobe from caudate and quadrate lobe
What is the significance of the 8 resectable hepatic segments?
Each segment have their own arterial supply and biliary drainage
What are the two blood supplies of the liver?
- hepatic artery 25%
2. Portal vein 75%
Where did the ventral pancreatic bud come from?
It was part of the BILIARY apparatus
That’s why the head of the pancreas is attached to the common bile duct via the ampulla ov Vater
What is the significance of the cystic duct being spiral structure?
Also called the spiral duct of Heister
So that the bile doesn’t all get released at once
What is the arterial supply of the gall bladder?
Cystic artery
Comes from the right hepatic artery
What is the cystohepatic triangle of Calot?
A space in which
Superiorly you have the cystic artery
And on the other two sides of the triangle, you have the cystic duct and the hepatic duct lol
What are the parts of the gall bladder?
- Fundus (the most distal part, distal from liver)
- Body (the part in the middle)
- Neck (the part closest to the cystic duct)
- Infundibulum (Hartmann’s pouch, space next to the Neck of gall bladder and where a stone can lodge)
What is the blood supply of the head of the pancreas?
Also shared by foregut and midgut duodenum
- anterior and posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal arteries (from the gastroduodenal artery)
- andterior and posterior Inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery from dorsal pancreatic artery??
What supplies the body and tail of the pancreas?
Branches of the splenic artery
What gets caught between the two pancreatic buds? Clinical correlate?
- superior mesenteric artery
- hepatic portal vein
Individuals that get pancreatic cancer at the head will obstruct the superior mesenteric artery, hepatic portal vein and biliary outflow (from the common bile duct at the ampulla of Vater)
What is the accessory duct of santorini?
The duct that drains the dorsal part of the pancreas separately from the ventral pancreas
Where is the portal vein draining into?
The sinusoids of the liver
