Lecture 26 - Human Evolution

Question 1

Tools Studying Human Evolution

Answer 1

Fossils and Genes

Question 2

Our closest living relative

Answer 2

Chimps

Question 3

Mean Nucleotide divergence of Chimpanzee-Human genome: __%

Answer 3

1.06%

Question 4

How many percent of proteins were identical of the chimpanzee-human genome?

Answer 4

29%

Question 5

Describe Lucy

Answer 5

• Australopithecus afarensis
• discovered in Ethiopia by Don Johanson
• 3-4 million years ago

Question 6

Predictions of African Replacement Model

Answer 6

1. ) ancestral alleles should trace to Africa

2. ) appearance of modern humans should be recent (

Question 7

Conclusions for Neanderthals

Answer 7

1. ) Neanderthals diverged from modern human lineage ~600,000-800,000 years ago
2. ) little evidence of any introgression of Neanderthal DNA into modern humans
3. ) Effective population size ~3,000 (compared to 13,000 for early modern humans)

Question 8

Homo floresienis

Answer 8

“The Hobbit”

Found in SouthEast Asia

Question 9

Hypermorphosis refers to a form of

Answer 9

peramorphosis resulting from an later cessation of growth

Question 10

Homeotic Genes

Answer 10

• occur in multigene families
• possessa highly conserved 180 bp homeodomain
• exhibit spatial and temporal colinearity
• control the timing and degree of expression of genes determining body plans

Question 11

Unlike mitochondria, chloroplasts have found to be

Answer 11

Polyphyletic