Lecture 26

Question 1

Carbon

Answer 1

Building block of biological molecules (carbs, fats, proteins, nucleic acids)

Question 2

Deforestation and use of fossil fuels

Answer 2

• Produces 9.6 gigots of CO2/year
• Photosynthesis removes some
• But there is still 4.3 gigatons/year going into the atmosphere

Question 3

How has deforestation and fossil fuel use changed the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere?

Answer 3

-Increasesd by 35% in the last 150 years and by more than 10% in the last 50 years
(looks like an exponential graph)
-Increase in CO2 in the atmosphere increased global temperature by an average of 1.3F over the last century

Question 4

temperature projection

Answer 4

Average global temperature will increase by an additional 1.1C-6.4C by 2100
and precipitation will chang

Question 5

Consequences of Changes in atmospheric chemistry

Answer 5

Global Climate Change

Question 6

Global Climate Change

Answer 6

• Increase in global surface temp
• Decreases in snow and ice extent
• Rising sea level
• changes in precipitation patterns
• changes in wind patterns
• Change in ocean current
• Ocean acidification
• Increase in intensity of storms

Question 7

Species Response to mild climate warming

Answer 7

40% of species studied have shown responses to mild warming (0.6C)

Question 8

Consequence: Ocean Acidification

Answer 8

• CO2 dissolves in water to form carbonic acid
• PH in 17th Century = 8.2
• pH now=8.1
• Expected pH in 2100=7.6
• Increased dissolution of carbonaceous shells
• -Coccoliths, corals, crustaceans

Question 9

Consequence: range Shifts

Answer 9

Species that can may move to a new place with a climate similar to their preference

Question 10

Consequences: Phenological Shifts

Answer 10

Changes to the timing of biological events.

Ex) Budburst, flowering, breaking hibernation, migration, breeding are all happening earlier in spring

Question 11

Consequence: Phenological Mismatch

Answer 11

Some events are linked to cues that are independent of climate, e.g. day length
-Species that cannot evolve to new photoperiodic behavior will experience mismatched timing of events

Question 12

Consequence: Parasites and epidemiology

Answer 12

Some parasites are expanding their ranges

Some parasites can complete their life cycles more quickly

Question 13

Consequence: Shifting Wildland Fire Regimes

Answer 13

Fire, the principal age of disturbance in terrestrial ecosystems globally, is going to change in some way