Lecture 25 - Revision 2 Flashcards
muscle fiber types
type 1 - slow - oxidative - uses energy from ox phos slower - red (lots of myoglobin) - long distance slow fatigue - smaller diameter
type 2 fast - uses glucose to lactate less energy but quicker acess - white - short distance explosive strength - larger diameter
connective tissue types
connective tissue proper:
dense
loose
Fluid:
Blood
Lymph
Supporting:
Cartilage
Bone
3 layers of mucosa ?
epithelial (has Basment membrane- always has a basal layer, sometimes a reticular layer as well)
Lamnia propria
muscularis mucosa
purpose of mucosal membrane ?
The mucosal membrane
• This structure lines all the ‘moist’ hollow internal organs of the body
• It is continuous with the skin at various body openings
• e.g. the eyes, ears, inside the nose, inside the mouth, lips, vagina, the urethral opening and the anus
(the airways and lungs)
- Most mucous membranes secrete mucus, a thick protective fluid
- Contains mucins (protein), electrolytes, antiseptic enzymes (lysozyme), immunoglobulins
- The function of the membrane is to:
- Stop pathogens and ‘dirt’ from entering the body
- Prevent bodily tissues from becoming dehydrated
- Lubricate the surface
- Good examples
- GI tract
- Urinary tract
- Respiratory tract
Definition: The combination of epithelium, basal lamina, lamina propria and muscularis mucosae = mucous membrane
what is the strucutre of alveoli
Type I cells
Type I cells are thin and flat and form the structure of the alveoli. Type I alveolar cells are squamous (giving more surface area to each cell) and cover approximately 90–95% of the alveolar surface. Type I cells are involved in the process of gas exchange between the alveoli and blood.
Type II cells
Type II cells secrete pulmonary surfactant to lower the surface tension of water and allows the membrane to separate, therefore increasing its capability to exchange gases. The surfactant is continuously released by exocytosis.
