Lecture 11 - Bone, Bone Marrow, Vessels and Blood Flashcards
what is the structure of an artery
Tunica Externa - Elastin and Collagen - THICK
Tunical Media - Smooth Muscle - THICK
Tunica Ineterna - Endothelial Cells - Forms a Small Hole
For high pressures - so lots of strength and elasticity
arteries are shorter in diameter
what is the structure of an vein
Vein - elastic blood vessel transports blood to the heart
Tunica Externa - Elastin and Collagen - THIN
Tunical Media - Smooth Muscle - THIN
Tunica Ineterna - Endothelial Cells - Larger Hole
For Lower Pressure - relies on bodily muscle contraction
Veins are wider in diameter - wide lumen - less resistance to flow, no need for strong walls as low pressure
have valves to prevent backflow
1mm-1.5cm diameter
what is the structure of an capillary
1 layer of endothelial cells, very small diameter
to maximise diffusion of gases ect
WBC’s can fit through gaps
outline the blood vessel system
Heart Pumps to
Large Arteries - aorta - loads of elastic fibers, auxillery pumping mechanism - elastic arteries
Medium Arteries - distributing
Arterioles and metaarterioles - vasoconstrict and dilate to direct blood
Capillaries - exchange
Post Capillary Venules Venules Medium Veins Large Veins Vena Cava - drains into right atrium of the heart
Back To Heart
also some will drain through the lymph system slowly
located between artrioles and capilliaries - precapilliary sphincters - contain smooth muscle to contract - reduce or increase blood flow
Blood Cells , name em !
Erythrocytes - Biconcave O2 transport Disc
No mitochondira, contains heamoglobin
Never Let Monkeys Eat Bananas
Most Common ————–Least Common
Neutrophils -Disposable Phagocyte
Lymphocytes - B and T, Adaptive immunity
Monocytes - Macrophage when not in blood
Eosinophils - Allergic reacitons and parasitic Defence
Basophils - releases inflammitory mediators
Platlets for coagulation
what is the life cycle of an RBC
Reticulocytes - Immature RBC
once its a RBC, it has a lifespan of 120 days
erythropoeitin stimulates production of RBC in Kidney
your blood count will indicate the rate of erythropoesis
Outline Bone Marrow
look at histological samples
Composed of:
Bony Trabecula
Fat cells
Venus Sinusoid
Heamopoetic Stem Cell
What are the types of bone
Long Short Flat Irregular Seasamoid
what are cancellous and compact bones ?
cancellous bone forms network of bony columns, with space for bone marrow in between
compact bone is the external bone surface - majority of skeletal mass
what is bone marrow ?
two types Red marrow - full of developing RBC's Rich blood supply only in spongy bone full of sinusoids (gaps in basement membrane and intracellular gap between epithelial cells)- release the cells into the blood when ready
red marrows function is to undergo heamopoeisis - RBC replenishment
Yellow Marrow
Full of Adipocytes
Poor Blood Supply
Function - Shock Absorbed and energy source
Can convert to Red Marrow
