lecture 24 A & B Flashcards
Who were the Allies of WW2?
Great Britain, Soviet Union, & France
Bang
Several
Friends
Who were the Axis?
Germany, Italy, Japan
Go
Inside
Jimmy
What was the Kellogg - Brand Pact of 1928
before the war France comes to the US and asks for an alliance against Germany. Kellogg says no, instead wants a bunch of nations together to sign a paper that says war is illegal. 14 nations signed in at the beginning then 48 others signed it later. Doesnt work.
Who is Benito Mussolini?
He was a Italian Fascist whose goal was to rebuild the roman empire. He did not want anti-semitism but will go back on that eventually. He was captured by Italians after the war who were part of the resistance and shot him - he became a humiliation.
Who was Adolf Hitler?
A German Fascist/ Nazi who grew popularity by taking power. He thought that germans were the superior race. Social Darwinism king. Eugenics and all. He made the Holocaust and killed 6 million jews. He committed suicide at the end of the war.
Who was Hideki Tojo?
He was a Japanese Dictator who taught a kind of Fascism. Japanese children were taught they were the superior race. He tried to kill himself but was caught and taken to military tribunal, found guilty, and was hung for war crimes.
Who was Joseph Stalin ?
Dictator for the Soviet Union
What is the Good Neighbor Policy?
“No state has the right to intervene in the internal or external affairs of another”
What are the 3 US Neutrality acts?
- Neutrality act of 1935. imposed a general embargo on trading in arms and war materials with all parties in a war. It also declared that American citizens traveling on warring ships traveled at their own risk.
- Cash and carry 1937. Allowing trade with war-ing nations but only going to sell non-military goods & only in full. Also they have to get it themselves - no shipping
- Quarantine speech 1927. Trying not to get involved.
What was the Munich Agreement of 1938 ?
appeasement: giving into the demands of someone despite it being unreasonable in hopes that it’s all they want. Basically Hitlers idea to scam people. Think: My agreement doesn’t count
What was the Non-Aggression pact 1939
Hitler & Stalin sign a pact saying that neither will attack the other - NOT an alliance
what was Blitzkrieg of 1940
“Lightning war” Nazi troops occupy France until D-Day
Tripartite pact
Germany, Italy, and Japan sign an alliance pact to deter the US from joining
What was Lend Lease of 1941
The US LENDING money to Britain because they’re super broke, basically helping the war (not being very neutral
Operation Barbarossa 1941
Hitler immediately violating the non aggression pact when he invades the soviet union LOL Think: Operation Barbaric idiot never keeps his word
Atlantic Charter 1941
- Franklin D. Roosevelt & Winston Churchill signed 1941 Atlantic charter. Laid the foundation for the united nations
Think: Atlantic colab :D
Pearl Harbor ?
yikes! US puts an oil embargo on japan. No oil and they freeze assets.
SO Japan bombs Pearl Harbor
USS Arizona mem
peal harbor memorial duh !
Who was Douglas McArthur
General and leader for the US army
Who was Chester Nimitz
a fleet admiral in the United States Navy - commander in chief
What was Burma Road
A road that was the only south into a blockaded china. Think: The great Burma Road after the great wall. Curly and big.
Who were the Flying Tigers
They were American Volunteer groups that helped in China - Had no association with US other than the fact that they came from there. Before US entered war.
Bataan Death March 1942
Horrible atrocity where US and Filipino forces in the Philippines surrendered to Japan and were marched for 65 miles in 5 days to war camps. 39,000 died
Duration of WW2 ?
1939-1945
Island Hopping
skipping over heavily fortified islands in order to seize lightly defended locations that could support the next advance
BATTLE OF MIDWAY
the TURNING POINT OF THE WAR!!! Think: at midway we turn. US regains control of the pacific.
Iwo Jima
BLOODIEST BATTLE Think: Iwo uwu ouch! (LMAOOAOAO)
Joe Rosenthal
He won a Pulitzer prize for his iconic photography on iwo uwu “raising the flag” Think: Joe raises the flag.
Okinawa 1945
largest amphibious assault. US won
Kamikaze
Suicide bombers who would fly to their own death and crash into an enemy warship. Think: Omar exploding lol
Pres. Harry S. Truman
Truman gets sworn in as soon as Pres FDR dies in 1945
Manhattan project
program of research and development undertaken during World War II to produce the first nuclear weapons before Germany
Hiroshima 1945
Atomic bomb ‘little boy’ dropped on aug 6, 8,000 deaths. Think: Enola killed Hiro with a little boy.
Nagasaki 1945
Bomb ‘fat man’ dropped on aug 9th, 100,000 deaths. Think: bock kills naga with a fat man.
The St. Louis
Voyage or freedom & Voyage of doom. Think: The St. useless trip by jews to escape Germany who just ended up in countries that sent them to camp anyway :(
Hitlers youth
“racially pure”
Dwight D. Eisenhower
Supreme commander of D-Day
Think: Dwight D-Day Eisenhower
George S Patton
Commander of third army Think: George has a big bulge
Operation Overlord
codename for the Battle of Normandy, the Allied operation that launched the successful liberation of German-occupied Western Europe during World War II.
Battle of the Bulge
Hitlers last ditch effort! Think: He no longer had the bulge. Second most lethal american battle over 19,000
Tuskegee Airmen
The Tuskegee Airmen was a group of African American military pilots and airmen who fought in World War II. Think: Tusk black mens first time in air
Navajo Code Talkers
The native american soldiers who used their native language as code to battlefields.
Executive order 9066
Internment of Japanese Americans. Relocation centers for japanese who might be spies. Like the hispanic deportation but worse. Think: executive order to be racist pigs.
Fred Korematsu
A japanese man who refused to go to the centers and went to court and lost on the terms that this was war and things were different. smh!! In 1998 he won the presidential metal of freedom. Think: Fred can’t be caught.
what is WAAC & what did they do.
WOMENS ARMY AUXILIARY CORPS - women were given military jobs (everything besides direct combat) and received equal pay, benefits, and status
what is WAVES & what did they do
Women Accepted for Volunteer Emergency Service “WAVES” was the US Naval Reserve Women’s branch established on July 21, 1942. The branch was established to replace men stationed ashore to provide more sea duty sailors and officers. By the end of 1942, there were 770 WAVES Officers and 3,109 enlisted.
what is WASP and what did they do
women in Airforce!
what is the USO and what did they do
The USO served military personnel, their families, and defense workers. It provided welfare and recreation activities like dances, radio broadcasts, art exhibits, theater, counseling, and childcare.
GI bill
Roosevelt on June 22, 1944, this act, also known as the G.I. Bill, provided World War II veterans with funds for college education, unemployment insurance, and housing.
Think: GI! Im going to college!
Enigma Machine
The Enigma machine is a cipher device developed and used in the early- to mid-20th century to protect commercial, diplomatic, and military communication
WW2 death toll
Some 75 million people died in World War II, including about 20 million military personnel and 40 million civilians, many of whom died because of deliberate genocide, massacres, mass-bombings, disease, and starvation.
