Lecture 24 Flashcards
What type of joint is the hip
How many DOF
What are they
Ball and socket
3
Flexion/extension
Abduction/adduction
Internal/external rotation
How many strong ligaments in the hip joint
What are they
3
Iliofemoral
Pubofemoral
Ischiofemoral
What movement does Iliofemoral ligament allow
Extension
External rotation
What movement does Pubofemoral ligament allow
Abduction
Extension
External rotation
What movement does Ischiofemoral allow
Internal rotation
Extension
Adduction
What is a running related injury that affects the hip mechanics
Patellofemoral pain syndrome
What causes patellofemoral pain syndrome
Increase hip adduction and internal rotation
Alters patellofemoral contact area
And increase loading on lateral patella
What can gait retraining do
Reducing pain
Improving function
What is the gait retraining schedule consist of
8 sessions
First 4 visits: Runtime and feeback time increase from 15 mins to 24 mins
Last 4 visits: Runtime increases to 30 mins while feedback time decreases to 3 min
What is the shoulder complex made up of
3 joints
One articulation
What are the joints in the shoulder complex
Acromioclavicular joint
Glenohumeral joint
Sternoclavicular joint
What is the articulation in the shoulder complex
Scapulothoracic articulation
The shoulder complex is capable of
Large ranges of motion
The shoulder complex is subjected to
Large velocities, accelerations and forces
The shoulder complex requires
Relatively weak ligament and bony constraints
Should to be stable and transfer forces from trunk to arm
The mobility and stability in the shoulder complex are
Reason for this
On opposite ends
To achieve the competing demands, the 3 joints and articulation along with muscles play a key part in modulating stability and mobility of shoulder complex
What is the rotator cuff
A group of muscles and tendons that keep the ball of upper arm bone in shoulder socket
What muscles make up the rotator cuff
Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Teres minor
Subscapularis
What is the single most common shoulder pathology
Shoulder impingement syndrome
What is the common source of pain in the shoulder
Rotator cuff
Shoulder impingement syndrome occurs when
The tendons in the shoulder are irritated inflamed or degenerated from repetitive overhead motions or structural abnormalilities in shoulder
What is shoulder impingement syndrome related to
Shoulder bursitis
Rotator cuff tendonitis
Where is shoulder impingement syndrome located
Between head of humerus and the top of shoulder blade
What are the potential causes of shoulder impingement syndrome
Acute trauma to the shoulder resulting in inflammation
Chronic repetitive overhead activity
Small space for rotator cuff tendons beneath the acromion
Muscle imblance, fatigue of shoulder muscles during prolonged overhead activities
What are the postures and motions that contribute to risk of shoulder impingement syndrome
Partial abduction - sustained for a long period of time
Internal/external rotations - dynamic, repetitive motions, with shoulder in abducted pose
