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A&P II (Spring 2024) > Lecture 21: Airway Anatomy (Final Exam) > Flashcards

Lecture 21: Airway Anatomy (Final Exam) Flashcards

1
Q

What structure is indicated by 1 in the figure below?

A

Epiglottic Cartilage

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2
Q

What structure is indicated by 2 in the figure below?

A

Foramen for superior laryngeal artery and nerve (right)

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3
Q

What structure is indicated by 3 in the figure below?

A

Right corniculate cartilage

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4
Q

What structure is indicated by 4 in the figure below?

A

Thyrohyoid membrane

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5
Q

Which of the following would the be the narrowest point in the airway for a pediatric patient?

A

III (cricoid cartilage)

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6
Q

Which of the following would the be the narrowest point in the airway for an adult patient?

A

II (vocal ligaments)

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7
Q

What structure is indicated by 2 in the figure below?

A

Superior Laryngeal Nerve

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8
Q

What structure is indicated by A in the figure below?

A

Internal Branch of the Superior Laryngeal Nerve

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9
Q

What type of information is transmitted via the internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve?

A

Sensory innervation to larynx

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10
Q

What structure is indicated by B in the figure below?

A

External Branch of the Superior Laryngeal Nerve

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11
Q

Where does the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve synapse at?

A

Cricothyroid muscle

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12
Q

What structure is indicated by B in the figure below?

A

External Branch of the Superior Laryngeal Nerve

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13
Q

What structure is indicated by C in the figure below?
What role does this structure have?

A
  • Left Inferior Laryngeal Nerve
  • Sensory innervation to Trachea and motor innervation to all laryngeal muscles (minus the cricothyroid muscle).
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14
Q

What structure is indicated by 3L in the figure below?

A

Left Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve

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15
Q

What structure is indicated by 3R in the figure below?

A

Right Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve

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16
Q

Differentiate the anatomical differences between the left and right recurrent laryngeal nerves.

A
  • Right: loops under the brachiocephalic artery
  • Left: loops under the aortic arch
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17
Q

What structure is indicated by D in the figure below?
What role does this structure have?

A
  • Right Inferior Laryngeal Nerve
  • Sensory innervation to Trachea and motor innervation to all laryngeal muscles (minus the cricothyroid muscle).
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18
Q

What cranial nerve innervates all of the pertinent nerves to the larynx and trachea?

A

CN X (Vagus)

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19
Q

What structure is indicated by 2 below?

A

Vocal Ligaments

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20
Q

What structure is indicated by 3 below?

A

Cricoid Cartilage

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21
Q

What structure is indicated by 10 below?

A

Conus Elasticus

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22
Q

What structure is indicated by 7 below?

A

Corniculate Cartilage

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23
Q

Where would tissue for “false” vocal cords be located in the figure below?

A

In between 2 and 3 on the Conus Elasticus

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24
Q

What structure is indicated by 1 on the figure below?

A

Thyrohyoid Membrane

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25
Q

What structure is indicated by 2 on the figure below?

A

Foramen for superior laryngeal artery and nerve

26
Q

What structure is indicated by 3 on the figure below?

A

Cricotracheal Ligaments

27
Q

What structure is indicated by 4 on the figure below?

A

Cricothyroid Ligament

28
Q

What cartilages of the larynx are paired?

A
  • Arytenoids
  • Corniculates
  • Cuneiforms
29
Q

Where does the thyroid connect to the cricoid cartilage?

A

The inferior horn of the thyroid connects to the thyrocricoid articular facet.

30
Q

What structure is indicated by 1 in the figure below?

A

Corniculate Cartilage of the Arytenoid

31
Q

What structure is indicated by 4 in the figure below?

A

Vocal Process of the Arytenoid

32
Q

What structure is indicated by 5 in the figure below?

A

Articular Facet of the Arytenoid

33
Q

What structure is indicated by 6 in the figure below?

A

Vocal Process of the Arytenoid

34
Q

What structure is indicated by 1 in the figure below?

A

Cricothyroid muscle

35
Q

What structure is indicated by 2 in the figure below?

A

Straight part of the Cricothyroid muscle

36
Q

What structure is indicated by 3 in the figure below?

A

Oblique part of the Cricothyroid muscle

37
Q

What structure is indicated by 4 in the figure below?

A

Thyroarytenoid muscle

38
Q

What structure is indicated by 1 in the figure below?

A

Vocalis muscle

39
Q

What structure is indicated by 2 in the figure below?

A

Lateral Crico-arytenoid Muscle

40
Q

What structure is indicated by 2 in the figure below?

A

Lateral Crico-arytenoid Muscle

41
Q

What structure is indicated by 4 in the figure below?

A

Oblique Arytenoid Muscle

42
Q

What structure is indicated by 5 in the figure below?

A

Transverse Arytenoid Muscle

43
Q

What structure is indicated by 6 in the figure below?

A

Oblique Arytenoid Muscle

44
Q

Which muscles will adduct the vocal folds?

A
  • Thyroarytenoid muscle
  • Transverse arytenoid muscle
  • Lateral cricoarytenoid muscle
45
Q

Which muscles will tighten the vocal cords?

A
  • Cricothyroid muscle
  • Vocalis muscle
46
Q

Which muscle is innervated via external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve?

A

Cricothyroid muscle

47
Q

Which muscles are innervated via the right and left inferior laryngeal nerves?

A

All the laryngeal muscles except the cricothyroid muscle.

48
Q

Is the epiglottis located anteriorly or posteriorly?

A

Anteriorly

49
Q

What muscle and action is indicated by 1 on the figure below?
What results from contraction of this muscle?

A
  • Cricothyroid muscle
  • Pulls thyroid cartilage down and stretches/tightens vocal cords.
50
Q

What muscle and action is indicated by 2 on the figure below?
What results from contraction of this muscle?

A
  • Vocalis muscle
  • Stretches/tightens vocal cords
51
Q

What muscle and action is indicated by 3 on the figure below?
What results from contraction of this muscle?

A
  • Thyroarytenoid muscle
  • Lateral swivel of the arytenoids and vocal cord adduction.
52
Q

What muscle and action is indicated by 4 on the figure below?
What results from contraction of this muscle?

A
  • Transverse Arytenoid muscle
  • Medial movement of the arytenoids and vocal cord adduction.
53
Q

What muscle and action is indicated by 5 on the figure below?
What results from contraction of this muscle?

A
  • Posterior Cricoarytenoid muscle
  • Outward rotation of the arytenoids and vocal cord abduction.
54
Q

What muscle and action is indicated by 6 on the figure below?
What results from contraction of this muscle?

A
  • Lateral Cricoarytenoid muscle
  • Inward rotation of the arytenoids and vocal cord adduction.
55
Q

Where in this figure would you want to push to apply pressure to close off the esophagus and prevent aspiration?

A

Cricoid cartilage (closed ring and closes off the esophagus instead of collapsing).

56
Q

What is the name for the glottic opening?

A

Rima Glottidis

57
Q

What laryngeal muscles contract during laryngospasm?

A

All of them

58
Q

What would 1 in the figure below correspond with?

A

Full abduction

59
Q

What would 2 in the figure below correspond with?

A

Gentle abduction

60
Q

What would 3 in the figure below correspond with?

A

Loud Whisper (intermediate position)

61
Q

What would 4 in the figure below correspond with?

A

Stage Whisper

62
Q

What would 5 in the figure below correspond with?

A&P II (Spring 2024) (24 decks)

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