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24 A&P II > Lecture 21: Airway Anatomy (Final Exam) > Flashcards

Lecture 21: Airway Anatomy (Final Exam) Flashcards

1
Q

What structure is indicated by 1 in the figure below?

A

Epiglottic Cartilage

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2
Q

What structure is indicated by 2 in the figure below?

A

Foramen for superior laryngeal artery and nerve (right)

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3
Q

What structure is indicated by 3 in the figure below?

A

Right corniculate cartilage

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4
Q

What structure is indicated by 4 in the figure below?

A

Thyrohyoid membrane

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5
Q

Which of the following would the be the narrowest point in the airway for a pediatric patient?

A

III (cricoid cartilage)

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6
Q

Which of the following would the be the narrowest point in the airway for an adult patient?

A

II (vocal ligaments)

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7
Q

What structure is indicated by 2 in the figure below?

A

Superior Laryngeal Nerve

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8
Q

What structure is indicated by A in the figure below?

A

Internal Branch of the Superior Laryngeal Nerve

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9
Q

What type of information is transmitted via the internal branch of the superior laryngeal nerve?

A

Sensory innervation to larynx

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10
Q

What structure is indicated by B in the figure below?

A

External Branch of the Superior Laryngeal Nerve

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11
Q

Where does the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve synapse at?

A

Cricothyroid muscle

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12
Q

What structure is indicated by C in the figure below?
What role does this structure have?

A
  • Left Inferior Laryngeal Nerve
  • Sensory innervation to Trachea and motor innervation to all laryngeal muscles (minus the cricothyroid muscle).
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13
Q

What structure is indicated by 3L in the figure below?

A

Left Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve

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14
Q

What structure is indicated by 3R in the figure below?

A

Right Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve

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15
Q

Differentiate the anatomical differences between the left and right recurrent laryngeal nerves.

A
  • Right: loops under the brachiocephalic artery
  • Left: loops under the aortic arch
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16
Q

What structure is indicated by D in the figure below?
What role does this structure have?

A
  • Right Inferior Laryngeal Nerve
  • Sensory innervation to Trachea and motor innervation to all laryngeal muscles (minus the cricothyroid muscle).
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17
Q

What cranial nerve innervates all of the pertinent nerves to the larynx and trachea?

A

CN X (Vagus)

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18
Q

What structure is indicated by 2 below?

A

Vocal Ligaments

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19
Q

What structure is indicated by 3 below?

A

Cricoid Cartilage

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20
Q

What structure is indicated by 10 below?

A

Conus Elasticus

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21
Q

What structure is indicated by 7 below?

A

Corniculate Cartilage

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22
Q

Where would tissue for “false” vocal cords be located in the figure below?

A

In between 2 and 3 on the Conus Elasticus

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23
Q

What structure is indicated by 1 on the figure below?

A

Thyrohyoid Membrane

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24
Q

What structure is indicated by 2 on the figure below?

A

Foramen for superior laryngeal artery and nerve

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25
What structure is indicated by 3 on the figure below?
Cricotracheal Ligaments
26
What structure is indicated by 4 on the figure below?
Cricothyroid Ligament
27
What cartilages of the larynx are paired?
- Arytenoids - Corniculates - Cuneiforms
28
Where does the thyroid connect to the cricoid cartilage?
The inferior horn of the thyroid connects to the thyrocricoid articular facet.
29
What structure is indicated by 1 in the figure below?
Corniculate Cartilage of the Arytenoid
30
What structure is indicated by 4 in the figure below?
Vocal Process of the Arytenoid
31
What structure is indicated by 5 in the figure below?
Articular Facet of the Arytenoid
32
What structure is indicated by 6 in the figure below?
Vocal Process of the Arytenoid
33
What structure is indicated by 1 in the figure below?
Cricothyroid muscle
34
What structure is indicated by 2 in the figure below?
Straight part of the Cricothyroid muscle
35
What structure is indicated by 3 in the figure below?
Oblique part of the Cricothyroid muscle
36
What structure is indicated by 4 in the figure below?
Thyroarytenoid muscle
37
What structure is indicated by 1 in the figure below?
Vocalis muscle
38
What structure is indicated by 2 in the figure below?
Lateral Crico-arytenoid Muscle
39
What structure is indicated by 4 in the figure below?
Oblique Arytenoid Muscle
40
What structure is indicated by 5 in the figure below?
Transverse Arytenoid Muscle
41
What structure is indicated by 6 in the figure below?
Oblique Arytenoid Muscle
42
Which muscles will adduct the vocal folds?
- Thyroarytenoid muscle - Transverse arytenoid muscle - Lateral cricoarytenoid muscle
43
Which muscles will tighten the vocal cords?
- Cricothyroid muscle - Vocalis muscle
44
Which muscle is innervated via external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve?
Cricothyroid muscle
45
Which muscles are innervated via the right and left inferior laryngeal nerves?
All the laryngeal muscles **except the cricothyroid muscle**.
46
Is the epiglottis located anteriorly or posteriorly?
Anteriorly
47
What muscle and action is indicated by 1 on the figure below? What results from contraction of this muscle?
- Cricothyroid muscle - Pulls thyroid cartilage down and **stretches/tightens vocal cords**.
48
What muscle and action is indicated by 2 on the figure below? What results from contraction of this muscle?
- Vocalis muscle - **Stretches/tightens vocal cords**
49
What muscle and action is indicated by 3 on the figure below? What results from contraction of this muscle?
- Thyroarytenoid muscle - Lateral swivel of the arytenoids and vocal cord adduction.
50
What muscle and action is indicated by 4 on the figure below? What results from contraction of this muscle?
- Transverse Arytenoid muscle - Medial movement of the arytenoids and vocal cord adduction.
51
What muscle and action is indicated by 5 on the figure below? What results from contraction of this muscle?
- Posterior Cricoarytenoid muscle - Outward rotation of the arytenoids and vocal cord abduction.
52
What muscle and action is indicated by 6 on the figure below? What results from contraction of this muscle?
- Lateral Cricoarytenoid muscle - Inward rotation of the arytenoids and vocal cord adduction.
53
Where in this figure would you want to push to apply pressure to close off the esophagus and prevent aspiration?
Cricoid cartilage (closed ring and closes off the esophagus instead of collapsing).
54
What is the name for the glottic opening?
Rima Glottidis
55
What laryngeal muscles contract during laryngospasm?
All of them
56
What would 1 in the figure below correspond with?
Full abduction
57
What would 2 in the figure below correspond with?
Gentle abduction
58
What would 3 in the figure below correspond with?
Loud Whisper (intermediate position)
59
What would 4 in the figure below correspond with?
Stage Whisper
60
What would 5 in the figure below correspond with?
Phonation

24 A&P II (24 decks)

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