Lecture 20: Population Genetics

Question 1

Define Population

Answer 1

A group of individuals living in the same area that share a gene pool

Question 2

What formula is used to determine allele frequencies?

Answer 2

p + q = 1

Question 3

What formula is used to determine phenotype frequency?

Answer 3

p^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1

Question 4

What are 5 mechanisms of Evolution?

Answer 4

1.) Non-random mating
2.) Gene flow / migration
3.) Mutations
4.) Natural Selection
5.) Genetic Drift

Question 5

What is the difference between Gene Flow and Genetic Drift

Answer 5

Gene Flow - Introducing new alleles - increasing variation

Genetic Drift - Losing alleles - reduced variation

Question 6

What are the 3 modes of Natural Selection?

Answer 6

1.) Disruptive
2.) Directional
3.) Stabilizing

Question 7

What mode of Natural Selection leads to Speciation?

Answer 7

Disruptive

Question 8

Selection against the intermediate phenotype

Answer 8

Disruptive

Question 9

Selection against both extremes

Answer 9

Stabilizing

Question 10

Selection for one extreme over the other

Answer 10

Directional

Question 11

What are the 2 types of Genetic Drift?

Answer 11

• Founder Effect
• Bottleneck effect

Question 12

Describe Founder Effect

Answer 12

Small portion of a population leaves

Question 13

Describe Bottleneck Effect

Answer 13

Big population is reduced due to random event (ex. flood, etc)