Lecture 20 Intro to B&I

Question 1

Describe the components of blood and their densities from highest to lowest

Answer 1

Red blood cells, WBC + platelets (buffy coat) and plasma

Question 2

What are the types of white blood cells?

Answer 2

neutrophils, lymphocytes and monocytes

Question 3

What is pathology

Answer 3

study of disease and how they progress

Question 4

What is a pathogen

Answer 4

agent that causes disease

Question 5

what is immunogenic

Answer 5

something foreign that causes activation of the immune system

Question 6

Antigen

Answer 6

part of bacteria/viruses which induces immune response via lymphocyte

Question 7

Antibody

Answer 7

protein produced by the body that reacts with the antigen

Question 8

What is part of the external innate defence?

Answer 8

Skin, secretions and mucous membranes

Question 9

What is part of the internal innate defense?

Answer 9

Phagocytic cells, natural killer cells, defensive proteins, inflammatory response

Question 10

What is the internal adaptive defense?

Answer 10

Lymphocytes and antibodies

Question 11

What type of immunity is the lymphatic system part of

Answer 11

Both innate and adaptive

Question 12

How do pathogens enter the body?

Answer 12

Eat them, breathe them, touch them

Question 13

How does phagocytosis work?

Answer 13

Bacteria reacts with receptors, phagocytosis occurs and bacteria is engulfed in a phagosome which fuses with a lysosome to form a phagolysosome.

Question 14

What are the two important characteristics of antigens?

Answer 14

Immunogenicity (ability to provoke an immune response) and reactivity (ability of antigen to bind to antibody)

Question 15

What is an epitope

Answer 15

The section of the antigen that the antibody binds to. Most antigens have several epitopes recognized by antibodies or T-cells