Lecture 2 - What is Biochemistry? Flashcards
What is biochemistry?
Small molecules, Large molecules, Organelles, Cells
What cell functions depend on biochemistry?
- Sensing and responding to the environment. 2. Make and break molecules. 3. Access and use of energy in food
What is the order of the Central Dogma?
DNA replication - DNA - Transcription - RNA - Translation - Protein
The Central Dogma relies on what molecules?
Information molecules - Functional molecules
Why is the structure of a protein important?
The sequence of amino acids determines how the protein folds and therefore its function.
What stabilizes tertiary structures?
Ionic bond, Hydrogen bond, Hydrophobic interactions, Disulfide bridge
What are the steps for making and isolating proteins?
Genes of interest are inserted in the plasma. Transfaction then protein expression into the host cell. Host organism expansion in bioreactor. Protein purificatioon. Soluble protein.
What are biochemists interested in?
How molecules and molecular interactions allow cells to solve problems. How we can manipulate interactions by solving structures.
What is the 1st step of how does a cell sense and respond to the environment?
- Reception - Signaling molecule travels through ECF and attaches to the receptor that is on the plasma membrane.
What is the 2nd step of how does a cell sense and respond to the environment?
- Transduction - Relay molecules in a signal transduction synapse through the cytoplasm.
What is the 3rd step of how does a cell sense and respond to the environment?
- Response - Activation of cellular response in the cytoplasm.
What reactions are needed to make and break molecules?
Dehydration reactions - removal of water for polymer formation.
Hydration reaction - where water is added to break a bond.
What is ATP?
ATP is the energy currency of the cell
What are the fuel molecules from food?
Nutrients + O2 - Catabolism (oxidation, exergonic) - CO2 + H2O ADP + P - (C right, A left). Precursors - Anabolism (reductive, endergonic) - Products of A.
