Lecture 2: Respiratory System Reminder Flashcards
5 Functions of the Respiratory System
-Provides surface for gas exchange
-Regulates blood hydrogen concentration
-Defence against inhaled microbes/particles
-Speech
-Detection of olfactory stimuli
What is the upper respiratory system made of?
Nose
Nasal cavity
Pharynx and associated structures
What makes up the lower respiratory system?
Larynx
Trachea
Bronchi
Lungs
What makes up the Respiratory Zone?
Respiratory bronchioles
Alveolar ducts
Alveolar sacs
Alveoli
What is the name of the cell that helps sweep mucus and debris out of the lung?
Respiratory Epithelium
What is the role of the Upper Respiratory System?
Filters, warms and humidifies incoming air to protect delicate surfaces of the lower respiratory system
Reabsorbs heat and water from outgoing air
What is the function of the nose?
Filtering, warming and moistening incoming air
Detecting olfactory stimuli
Modifying vibrations for speech
What is the Pharynx made of?
Skeletal muscle lined with mucous membrane
What is the function of the Pharynx?
Pathway for air and food
Resonating chamber for speech sounds
Houses the tonsils (immune response)
What is the role of the Larynx?
Prevents inspired air from entering the oesophagus
Prevents ingested food and fluid entering the trachea
The production of complex sounds
What structures does the Larynx contain?
Epiglottis
Vocal cords (false and true cords)
What is the role of the lower respiratory system?
Conduct air to and from the gas exchange surfaces
Exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide with blood (External respiration)
What kind of cells are found in the Trachea?
Ciliated Pseudostratified Columnar epithelium with goblet cells
