Lecture 2 - Nutrition and Fitness Assessment Flashcards
What health benefits are associated with healthy eating?
- Enhanced endurance performance
- Provides substrate for cell and tissue accretion
- promo functional body comp
- promo recovery from training
- reduces risk of energy deficiency and promos healing
What is the nutrition care process and what are the steps?
NCP is a systematic problem solving method used by RDs to critically think and and make decisions to address nutrition related problems and provide safe care. There are 4 steps: nutrition assessment, nutrition diagnosis, nutrition intervention and nutrition monitoring and evaluation.
What is the purpose of nutrition assessment?
Purpose is to collect and interpret relevant client info to identify: -risk of malnutrition , -potential to positively influence sport performance through dietary changes
When does malnutrition occur?
Occurs when the boys requirements for one or more essential nutrients is not met.
What are some causes of malnutrition?
- inadequate or unbalanced diet
- probz with digestion or absorption
- medical conditions
- starvation is one form of malnutrition, so is obesity
- you can appear healthy and be malnourished
What does a nutrition assessment provide you?
Gives you the evidence you need to properly know how to care for the athlete you work with.
In what ways does a nutrition assessment involve critical thinking?
- you have to determine the appropriate data to collect and select valid & reliable tools
- distinguish relevant from irrelevant info
- select appropriate norms and standards to compare data with
- organize & categorize data in a meaningful way that relates to nutritional concerns of your client
What must you be able to say to yourself by the end of the assessment?
- athlete specific nutrient concerns
- why you know these are concerns
- what you need to do to correct / optimize (if you cant say with confidence why you’re making a recommendation then don’t say it)
What are the key elements of a nutrition assessment?
- Personal health and social history
- Dietary assessment
- Body weight and composition
What does Personal Health and Social History do/assess?
-determines current/ potential problems
-provides contextual information about the clients life
The goal of it is to determine clients level of risk.
What are the key elements of personal health & social history?
Key elements are:
- demographic info: weight height
- family history: their parents ect disease
- personal history: injury and illnesses
- menstrual history (female)
- Medicine / supplement use
-weight fluctuations (diet changes)
What does the Dietary Assessment do/purpose?
- used to assess energy (Kcal) and nutrient intake
- it quantifies supplement use
- assesses eating patterns (timing of meals and snacks, consistency of eating patterns)
What does the Body Weight and Composition do/purpose?
- may be a part of a fitness assessment (fitness assessment includes strength, endurance, aerobic/cardio resp therapy
- assessment of energy expenditure via criterion methods, objective methods and subjective methods
List three dietary assessment methods.
24hr recall, FFQ, Food Records
What are the strengths of 24hr recall?
- low burden
- low cost
- admin is easy
What are the weakness of 24hr recall?
- does not provide a good picture of clients dietary pattern
- relies on memory
- may require a trained interviewer
What are the strengths of a food frequency questionnaire?
- low burden
- low cost
- admin is easy
- past dietary habits can be examined
What are some weaknesses of FFQ?
- difficult to analyze
- rely on memory
- require validation (through interview)
- may be less accurate
- questionnaires don’t have all foods
What are some strengths of food records?
- a record of all food over a period of designated time has been provided
- provides a pic of current dietary habits and nutrient intake better than other methods
What are some weaknesses of food records?
- high burden
- require estimates of measurements of food consumed
- ppl will change how they eat cause they know they have to log it
- costly to analyze
- requires a trained interviewer
Describe a 24hr recall.
- the food ingested + quantity
- details matter: portion size, brands, eating times
- review their recall, ask if typical, check for contradictions
Describe a food record
- write down everything
- > days greater accuracy but max 7 (drop off effect)
- must provide explicit instructions
Describe an FFQ
- good cross check of other methods
- data from 24hr, food record or ffq must be interpreted to give meaning (generally compared to some standard like Canada’s food guide)
- make goals by comparing how far away from the standard (food guide) the athlete is
- you must compare DRI’s to see if anything is wrong, you cant depend on food guide alone
What kind of weight questions would you ask in a body comp assessment?
current weight?
ideal weight for sport?
weight history: has it changes lots , in which direction, how fast?
A large weight change in a short time period indicates what?
malnutrition
calculate % usual body weight
actual body weight / usual body weight x 100%
% usual body weight mildly malnourished
85-90%
% usual body weight moderately malnourished
75-84%
% usual body weight severely malnourished
less than 74%
usual % body weight change minimum for survival
48-55%
calculate % recent weight change
usual weight-actual weight / usual weight
What are the parameters to deem something “significant weight loss”
5% loss over 1 month or 7.5% loss over 3 months or 10% loss over 6 months
what are the parameters to deem something “severe” weight loss
> than 5% over 1 month or > than 7.5% loss over 3 months or > than 10% loss over 6 months
