Lecture 2- Nomenclature I

Question 1

Diphyodont

Answer 1

Two generations of teeth present in a lifetime

Question 2

Polyphyodont

Answer 2

Many successions of teeth to compensate for continual loss of teeth. Teeth in these animals are directly attached to the jaw bone and thus are frequently broken and lost during normal function

Question 3

Incisors functions (list 4)

Answer 3

1) Incising and cutting
2) Support lip
3) Speech
4) Esthetics

Question 4

Canine functions (list 2)

Answer 4

1) Tearing food

2) Support lip and face

Question 5

Molar functions (list 2)

Answer 5

1) Crush and grind food

2) Support cheeks

Question 6

What is found in permanent dentition but not primary?

Answer 6

Premolars and 3rd molars

Question 7

Primary deciduous dentition stage begins when?

Answer 7

At 6 months with the eruption of mandibular central incisor

Question 8

Complete set of primary teeth at what age?

Answer 8

2.5-3 years

Question 9

When does primary dentition stage end?

Answer 9

At 6 years with the eruption of the 1st permanent tooth: the 1st mandibular molar

Question 10

Mixed dentition stage

Answer 10

last 6-12 years of age one the last primary tooth is lost

Question 11

Palmer notation

Answer 11

have to have the “box”/quadrant lines along with number 1-8

Question 12

International (FDI)

Answer 12

quadrant number first then number 1-8

for primary, quadrants are 5-8

Question 13

Apical foramen

Answer 13

An opening in the end of the tooth through which nerve and blood vessels

Question 14

upper vs lower molars

Answer 14

upper molars have 3 roots and lower molars have 2 roots

Question 15

Root trunk

Answer 15

Root trunk is present only in multirooted teeth and is the undivided part of the root near the cervical line

Question 16

Furcation

Answer 16

The place on multirooted teeth where the root trunk divides into separates roots

Question 17

Mandibular molars and maxillary 1st premolar

Answer 17

BIFURCATED

Question 18

Maxillary molars are

Answer 18

TRIFURCATED

Question 19

3 hard mineralized tissues

Answer 19

enamel, dentin, cementum

Question 20

1 soft tissue

Answer 20

pulp

Question 21

Peridontium (4 parts)

Answer 21

Periodontal ligament, alveolar bone, cementum, gingiva

Question 22

Hardest substance in human body

Answer 22

enamel; 96% inorganic material

NOT a continuous formation throughout life (unlike dentin)

Question 23

Dentin composition

Answer 23

70% inorganic material

makes up bulk of tooth

Question 24

Cementum composition

Answer 24

50% about inorganic material

Question 25

DEJ

Answer 25

dentinoenamel junction

junction between enamel and dentin

Question 26

CEJ

Answer 26

cementoenamel junction AKA cervical line!! where crown meets the root

Question 27

Pulp

Answer 27

Dental pulp is the specialized connective tissue that carries blood and nerve supply to the tooth

Question 28

Pulp space (2 parts)

Answer 28

1) Pulp chamber

2) Root canal

Question 29

Pulp chamber (3 parts)

Answer 29

Pulp horns, roof, floor

Question 30

Root canal

Answer 30

Canal orifice, accessory canals, apical foramen

Question 31

Alveolar bone

Answer 31

Bone that surrounds roots of teeth

Forms crypts of developING teeth and sockets of erupting teeth (developED)

Question 32

Crypt vs socket

Answer 32

Crypt is a bony cavity enclosing a developING tooth while a socket is bone surrounding root of developED erupted tooth

Question 33

Gingiva

Answer 33

mucosal tissue that covers the alveolar bone; only tissue in the periodontium visible in a healthy mouth

Question 34

Attached gingiva

Answer 34

Firmly bound to the underlying alveolar bone. Attached to underlying bone

Question 35

Marginal gingiva/free gingiva

Answer 35

Collar of thing gingiva that surrounds each tooth and in health adapts to the tooth but provides a potential space between gingiva and tooth called the gingival sulcus

Question 36

Gingival sulcus

Answer 36

space between marginal gingiva and tooth

Healthy gingival sulcus should be 1-3 mm

Question 37

Free gingival margin (gingival margin)

Answer 37

Edge of the marginal gingiva/free gingiva closest to the chewing surface of teeth

Question 38

Alveolar mucosa

Answer 38

Soft tissue covering located apical to the attached gingiva. It is dark pink due to increased blood supply and thinner epithelium covering . it is more delicate- non keratinized – loosely bound to underlying bone compared to attached gingiva

Question 39

Mucogingival junction

Answer 39

Clinically visible boundary where the attached gingiva meets the alveolar mucosa;

Not firmly bound to the underlying bone, adapted to the marginal part of mouth

Question 40

Interdental gingiva/papilla

Answer 40

That part of the collar of the free gingiva that extends between the teeth

Also known as cervical embrasure

Question 41

Periodontal ligament

Answer 41

Attaches cementum/tooth to alveolar bone

Transmits sensation of touch and pressure (NOT temperature)

Question 42

Clinical crown

Answer 42

the portion of the tooth that projects above the gum line into the oral cavity (visible in the oral cavity)

Question 43

Clinical root

Answer 43

portion of the tooth that is embedded in the jawbone and anchors the tooth

Question 44

Anatomic crown

Answer 44

Anatomic crown is defined as the part of the tooth that is covered by enamel

Question 45

Anatomic root

Answer 45

Anatomic root is the part of the tooth that is covered by cementum