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Biomechanics Exam 2 > Lecture 2 - Midtarsal Joint > Flashcards

Lecture 2 - Midtarsal Joint Flashcards

1
Q

Talonavicular joint

Calcaneocuboid joint

A

Chopart’s Joint

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2
Q

15˚ from transverse plane and 9˚ from sagittal plane

A

Longitudinal axis (LA)

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3
Q

Axis with primarily frontal plane motion

Inversion and eversion

A

Longitudinal axis (LA)

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4
Q

52˚ from transverse plane and 57˚ from sagittal plane

A

Oblique axis (OA)

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5
Q

Axis with primary motion
Plantarflexion with adduction (pad)
Dorsiflexion with abduction (dab)

A

Oblique axis (OA)

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6
Q

Allows foot to adapt to subtalar joint variations

A

Longitudinal Axis

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7
Q

Allows foot to remain plantargrade

A

Longitudinal Axis

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8
Q

“secondary ankle joint”

Oblique axis can compensate for lack of ankle _________

A

Dorsiflexion

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9
Q

STJ to MTJ relationship

STJ pronation–> Midtarsal joint becomes more ____ becasue it becomes unlocked. This allows the foot to become mobile adapter

A

Parallel

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10
Q

Supinated STJ –> MTJ?

A

MTJ axes cross

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11
Q

The ________position of the MTJ is the stable position of the MTJ

A

Pronated ( When it is locked)

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12
Q

The ________ position of the MTJ is the unstable position of the MTJ

A

Supinated

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13
Q

Pronated MTJ

Calcaneocuboid joint _______

A

Dorsiflexes

  • Ligaments tighten, preventing excessive motion

Supinated MTJ
- Ligaments will also tighten in this position
Bones, however, are not tightly packed
Osseous locking not present

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14
Q

Locking of MTJ

pushing up on the heads of the 4th and 5th =

A

Simulates weight bearing

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15
Q

Open Kinetic Chain

Contact period of gait
OA?

A

OA – pronated
Extensor digitorum longus and peroneus tertius contracted
Dorsiflexion and abduction

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16
Q

Open Kinetic Chain

Contact period of gait
LA?

A

LA – supinated
Anterior tibialis muscle contracted
Inversion

17
Q

Open Kinetic Chain

Contact period of gait

STJ ____allowing shock absorption

A

Pronating

18
Q

Closed Kinetic Chain

Midstance

OA?

A

OA – pronated

Dorsiflexed and abducted

19
Q

Closed Kinetic Chain

Midstance

LA?

A

LA – pronated
Begins to evert in reaction to STJ supination
Helps to “lock” the MTJ to become rigid lever

20
Q

Closed Kinetic Chain

Midstance

STJ?

A

STJ – supinating

In preparation for propulsion

21
Q

Closed Kinetic Chain

Propulsion

OA?

A

OA – Supinated

Windlass mechanism aids in this along with contraction of intrinsics

22
Q

Closed Kinetic Chain

Propulsion

LA?

A

LA – pronated

Locking still present at cc joint

23
Q

Closed Kinetic Chain

Propulsion

STJ?

A

STJ - Supinated

24
Q

_______is a pulley device to lift a heavy object

A

Windlass

  • The metatarsal heads are the pulley mechanism
25
Q

Summary - STJ

Contact
Midstance
Propulsion

A

Pronation
Supination
Supination

– LA is always opposite of STJ

26
Q

Summary - LA

Contact
Midstance
Propulsion

A

Supination
Pronation
Pronation

27
Q

Summary - OA

Contact
Midstance
Propulsion

A

Pronation
Pronation
Supination

28
Q

MTJ ROM is passively controlled by position of the ____

A

STJ

STJ supination causes Decrease in MTJ ROM
STJ pronation causes Increase in MTJ ROM

29
Q

Anterior Tibial muscle ____the longitudinal axis

A

Inverts

- decelerate the foot at heel strike to prevent foot slap

30
Q

Peroneus tertius and extensor digitorum longus _____ the oblique axis

A

Pronate

  • decelerate the foot at heel strike to prevent foot slap
31
Q

Measuring forefoot to rearfoot relationship

A

Prone –> STJ neutral –> Push on 4th and 5th –> Evaluate if plantar heel is parallel with metatarsal head

– Look at powerpoint

32
Q

Forefoot varus greater than calcaneal eversion available

Calcaneus is unable to evert past neutral

A

Uncompensated forefoot varus

33
Q

Forefoot varus greater than calcaneal eversion available
Calcaneus able to evert past neutral but not to same degree of FF varus
Additional compensation gained through oblique axis MTJ, and 1st ray

A

Partially compensated forefoot varus

34
Q

Forefoot varus equal or less than available calcaneal eversion

A

Compensated forefoot varus

35
Q

Forefoot Valgus

Longitudinal axis ______
Subtalar _____
Oblique axis ______
Further Subtalar ______

A

supination

LASOS
–> Long Axis, Sub, Oblique, Further sub

Order of formation

36
Q

if only Longitudinal axis compensation

Heel remains vertical but foot unstable in midstance due to midfoot supination

A

Flexible deformity

37
Q

If STJ or OA compensation needed

Heel will be ______

A

Rigid deformity

Inverted

Biomechanics Exam 2 (4 decks)

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