Lecture 2 - Memory 1: Children's Memory Processes Flashcards
What did Rovee-Collier (1990) investigate?
The learning experiences of 3 month-old infants when their foot is attached to a mobile.
What did Rovee-Collier (1990) find?
Infants’ memory can last up to 2 weeks in duration. Infants can learn contingencies, but incidental aspects in the environment are specific to the contingencies formed, resulting in a loss of the contingency if those details are not present.
What are sucking rates representative of in infants?
The infants’ arousal. Specifically, the activity of the autonomic nervous system.
How can implicit and explicit recognition be measured in infants?
- Galvanic skin response
- Sucking rates
- Looking (location, duration, etc)
- Variation in facial expressions
What does VEP stand for?
Visually evoked potentials.
What are VEPs?
Electrical potentials initiated by brief visual stimuli. Essentially brain activity/response to a stimulus
Define habituation
The reduction of response intensity over time.
Describe the relationship between speed of habituation in infants and later IQ?
The quicker the speed of habituation as an infant, the higher the IQ later on.
What are the two possible reasons that speed of learning is linked with later IQ?
The faster learning shows an eagerness to move onto the next aspect of the environment to learn from.
Alternative reason could be a quicker/more efficient assessment of stimuli.
What did Mischel, Shoda and Rodriguez (1989) show about inhibition?
Children’s ability to delay personal gratification predicts significant educational outcomes. (inhibiting eating a marshmellow in order to gain a second one)
How long can 3 month-old infants remember contingencies for?
Up to 2 weeks
Describe what galvanic skin responses show about implicit/explicitly recognised stimuli.
Galvanic skin response in infants can reveal and distinguish between implicitly and explicitly recognised stimuli.
