Lecture 2 - LTM Flashcards

1
Q

What is the LTM

A

elaborate rehearsal of STMs
retrieval
capacity infinite

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2
Q

what is the serial position curve?

A

free recall -
primary effect - start of the list
recency effect - end of the list

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3
Q

what removes the recency effect

A

delay between learning and test phases

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4
Q

Selective STM deficit example

A

Patient KF suffered left parietal lobe damage in a motorcycle accident
Some speech and language impairments
Warrington and Shallice, 1969
Impaired STM – digits span
Preserved LTM – paired-associated learning

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5
Q

what causes Amnesia?

A

brain trauma or alcohol damage etc

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6
Q

what are the different types of amnesia?

where is the damage?

A
  • Retrograde – loss of pre trauma memories
  • Anterograde – no new memories post trauma
  • Damage to the medial temporal lobe and hippocampus
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7
Q

what are the normal functions of Amnesiacs

A

Knowledge of language, can communicate and understand normally
Sufficient memory to keep track of what is being said within a conversation
Normal STM and digit span
Normal IQ

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8
Q

what is the STM deficit

A

STM deficit is an inability to manipulate or use, rather then inability to store, information in the working memory

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9
Q

alternative conception of LTM

A

Working memory is just an “activated” area of the LTM under the current focus of attention (Cowan, 1999)
STM deficit is a problem of the central executive’s ability to focus attention in the LTM

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10
Q

Different types of memory

A

Declarative – conscious memory, knowing that, explicit

Procedural – perceptual motor learning, knowing how, implicit

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11
Q

Explicit memory tests

A

Free recall – write down the words you studied
Cued recall – complete the missing word with a word that you studied
Recognition – was this a word you studied
Warrington and Weiskrantz – 1970
Amnesiac worse than control on explicit memory tests

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12
Q

Implicit memory tests

A

Fragment identification – a_nt__ue = antique
Word-stem completion – given the first half of a word and asked to complete it
No instruction to consciously use memory
Warrington and Weiskrantz – 1970
Amnesiacs equal to control on implicit memory tests

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