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KINE 3030 N > Lecture 2 - Kinematic Foundation > Flashcards

Lecture 2 - Kinematic Foundation Flashcards

1
Q

Frontal Plane:

A

from the front; splits the body vertically into front and back halves of equal mass (also called the coronal plane)

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2
Q

Sagittal Plane:

A

from the side; divides the body vertically into left and right halves (also called the anteroposterior (AP) plane)

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3
Q

Horizontal/transverse:

A

from above;separates the body into top and bottom halves

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4
Q

What is point called where all the planes intersect

A

centre of gravity

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5
Q

Superior/cranial:

A

closer to the head

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6
Q

Inferior/caudal:

A

farther away from the head

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7
Q

Anterior/ventral:

A

Anterior/ventral: toward the front of the body

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8
Q

Posterior/dorsal:

A

toward the back of the body

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9
Q

Medial:

A

Medial: toward the midline of the body

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10
Q

Lateral:

A

away from the midline of the body

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11
Q

Proximal:

A

closer in proximity to the trunk (the knee is proximal to the ankle)

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12
Q

Distal:

A

at a distance from the trunk (the wrist is distal to the elbow)

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13
Q

Superficial:

A

toward the surface of the body

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14
Q

Deep:

A

inside the body and away from the body surface

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15
Q

Sagittal Plane Movements:

A

Flexion/extension
Hyperextension
Dorsiflexion
Plantar flexion

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16
Q

Flexion:

A

anteriorly directed sagittal plane rotations of the head, trunk, upper arm, forearm, hand, and hip, and posteriorly directed sagittal plane rotation of the lower leg

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17
Q

Extension:

A

the movement that returns a body segment to anatomical position from a position of flexion

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18
Q

Hyperextension:

A

the rotation beyond anatomical position in the direction opposite the direction of flexion

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19
Q

Dorsiflexion:

A

motion bringing the top of the foot toward the lower leg

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20
Q

Plantar flexion:

A

motion bringing the top of the foot away from the lower leg

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21
Q

Frontal Plane Movements

A

Abduction/ Adduction
Right/left lateral flexion
Elevation/depression
Radial deviation
Ulnar deviation
Eversion
Inversion

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22
Q

Abduction:

A

moves a body segment away from the midline of the body

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23
Q

Adduction:

A

moves a body segment closer to the midline of the body

24
Q

Right/left lateral flexion

A

sideways rotation of the trunk

25
Q

Elevation/depression:

A

of the shoulder

26
Q

Radial deviation:

A

rotation of the hand at the wrist in the frontal plane toward the radius (thumb side)

27
Q

Ulnar deviation:

A

hand rotation toward the ulna (little finger side)

28
Q

Eversion:

A

outward rotation of the foot

29
Q

Inversion:

A

inward rotation of the foot

30
Q

Transverse Plane Movements

A

Rotational movements about a longitudinal axis

Left/right rotation
Medial rotation/internal rotation
Lateral rotation
Supination
Pronation
Horizontal abduction/extension
Horizontal adduction/flexion

31
Q

Left/right rotation

A

used to describe transverse plane movements of the head, neck, and trunk

32
Q

Medial rotation/internal rotation

A

rotation of an arm or leg as a unit in the transverse
plane

33
Q

Lateral rotation

A

when the rotation is away from the midline of the body

34
Q

Supination

A

outward rotation of the forearm

35
Q

Pronation

A

inward rotation of the forearm

36
Q

Horizontal abduction/extension

A

movement of body segments in the transverse plane
(arm or thigh) from an anterior position to a lateral position

37
Q

Horizontal adduction/flexion

A

movement in the transverse plane from a lateral to an
anterior position

38
Q

Joint Posture Terms

A

Flexed, extended
Abducted, adducted
Plantar flexed

39
Q

Frontal Axis:

A

imaginary line passing through the body from side to side and around which sagittal plane rotations occur (perpendicular to the sagittal plane; mediolateral)

40
Q

Sagittal axis:

A

axis: imaginary line passing from front to back through the body and around which frontal plane rotations occur (anteroposterior)

41
Q

Longitudinal axis:

A

imaginary line passing from top to bottom through the body around which transverse plane rotations occur

42
Q

Translation:

A

movement from one place to another where all points move through the same distance in the same orientation

Linear motion
Curvilinear motion

43
Q

Rotation:

A

angular motion about an axis, all points move through the same angle

44
Q

General motion:

A

combination of translation and rotation

Most common
Like a football being thrown

45
Q

Kinematic Analysis of Human Movement Requires:

A

knowledge of the specific biomechanical purpose of the movement

the ability to detect the causes of errors through movement patterns

46
Q

Does Kinematic Analysis of Human Movement include the ultimate cause of movement (force/kinetics)

A

No

47
Q

Kinematic Analysis of Human Movement can be qualitative or quantitative. True or False

A

True

48
Q

Performing a Kinematic Analysis involves:

A
  1. Identify question/problem
  2. Think about the viewing angle and viewing distance
49
Q

Viewing angle:

A

name of view, plane observed, major joint angles observed

50
Q

Viewing distance:

A

trade off (resolution vs. field of view - if you want to see everything, you need a greater field of view, however the resolution might be worse as opposed to being close to the camera)

51
Q

When is Kinematic Analysis Useful?

A

When performance outcome is as a result of a changed movement pattern

Analysts can distinguish the cause of a problem from symptoms of the problem or an unrelated movement idiosyncrasy (abnormality)

52
Q

Tools for Measuring Kinematic Quantities

A

Cinematography & videography
Other motion capture systems
Other assessment tools

53
Q

Cinematography & videography involves:

A

➢Standard video 30 pictures for second (frame rate is important depending on the type of motion you are trying to capture)
➢ Higher rates available
➢ Clarity of images
➢ Make sure you have the right number of cameras to capture info needed (for
different planes of view)
➢ Computer-linked equipment (digitizing)

54
Q

Other motion capture systems involve:

A

➢ Real-time tracking of LEDs
➢ Computer-linked cameras track targets

55
Q

Other assessment tools includes

A

➢ Goniometer or electrogoniometer
➢ Photocells, light beams, and timers
➢ Accelerometer

KINE 3030 N (19 decks)

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