Lecture 2 - Injury Prevention and Emergency Action Planning Flashcards
What is the comprehensive model for injury causation?
- a model that shows the risk factors (internal, predisposed, external and susceptibility) and the injury mechanism
- shows how likely you are to get injured and what causes the actual injury to occur
what are internal risk factors?
- things that predispose the athlete to injury
- affect your likelihood of getting injured
- ex: age, sex, body composition, health, fitness, skill level, mental state, etc.
what are external risk factors?
- things that cause the athlete to be more susceptible to injury
- ex: aggressive coaching, bad equipment, environment, rules of the game, etc.
what is the inciting event?
- what causes the injury itself to occur
- could be mental of physical
- ex: playing situation, player/opponents behaviour, biomechanical description, etc.
how does the dynamic model of injury compare to the comprehensive model?
- still intrinsic and extrinsic
- has both events and inciting events (situations where the injury does not take place)
- also has adaptations for either after injury recovery, or if injury doesn’t occur, change so the situation doesn’t occur again
how can you measure if activity-related injury is reduced?
- benefit: risk ratio
- ideally want this to be improved
what are the 3 characterizations of injury prevention?
- primary
- secondary
- tertiary
what is primary prevention?
- how we prevent an injury from happening
- need to eliminate the event
what are the 3 dimensions of prevention?
- athlete
- surroundings
- equipment
what is secondary prevention?
- things to protect the athlete should an injurious situation occur
- how we can diminish the effect of the incident
how can you use secondary prevention?
- better athletic equipment (if someone falls, how will they be protected)
- better falling techniques (if someone falls, will they roll properly to avoid broken bones)
what is tertiary prevention?
- focus on reducing the consequences of the injury
- how do we improve the outcomes
- how do we deal with the injury to reduce the fatal effects
what are some examples of tertiary prevention?
- EAP’s
- first aid equipment
- rehab
what are the primary, secondary and tertiary preventions for the “athlete” dimension?
- primary = technique, neuromuscular function
- secondary = training status, falling techniques
- tertiary = rehabilitation
what are the primary, secondary and tertiary preventions for the “surroundings” dimension?
- primary = floor friction, playing rules
- secondary = safety nets
- tertiary = emergency medical coverage
what are the primary, secondary and tertiary preventions for the “equipment” dimension?
- primary = shoe friction
- secondary = tape or brace, ski bindings, protective equipment
- tertiary = 1st aid equipment, ambulance
what is an EAP?
- emergency action plan
- a document that states mutually agreed upon methods of care/delivery/responsibilities via step-by-step procedures, used when an incident occurs
what are we protecting with an EAP?
- civil liability: aka when a person engages in conduct that results in harm to another private individual
- unintentional torts: aka when harm is caused to a person unintentionally
what are the 3 elements of negligence for legal liability?
- a duty of care
- a breach of the standard of care
- damage or injury that results from the breach
who should be involved in EAP planning?
- everyone
- front office, security, coaches, medical staff, players
why should EAP’s be rehearsed?
- improve response
- detect deficiencies
- try different roles in case someone is missing
- so you don’t screw up in a real emergency
why is the debriefing stage important?
- changes in phone numbers or equipment must be documented
- how can you make things run smoother next time
what information must be on an EAP?
- name of event (and date)
- address of event
- field number, ice surface, etc.
- phone number
- EMS access doors, gate, etc.
- procedure
- emergency equipment
what is involved in the procedure aspect of the EAP?
- charge person
- control person
- call person
- and their respective roles in the situation
what is the role of the charge person?
- “in charge”
- when to activate EAP
- when to relinquish care (to paramedics for example)
- who takes care of the equipment (helmets, shoulder pads, etc.)
what is the role of the control person?
- “crowd/area control”
- assists the charge person
- remove additional people from the area
- find necessary equipment (for the charge person)
- find the call person
what is the role of the call person?
- calls people
- calls 911 (if an ambulance is necessary)
- explains to the ambulance where to go and meets them there, brings them to the scene
what information should be presented during an emergency phone call (by the call person)?
- type of emergency/suspected injury
- present condition (consciousness, breathing)
- current assistance (CPR, AED, etc.)
- phone number being used
- location of the emergency (facility name, address, door entrance)
- early limitations (stair only, drive in, etc.)
what is listed in the emergency equipment section of the EAP?
- equipment you have access to
- ensure equipment is ready to use (prepped, charged, etc.)
- ensure everyone knows where the equipment is kept
