Lecture 2 - History Flashcards
Aristotle was a highly influential thinking, what were his theories about the heart and brain?
Heart = seat of intelligence and brain cools the body
Hippocrates is largely regarded as the founder of modern medicine, what was his theory regarding the brain and what did he pioneer?
Brain is for mental functions and he pioneered lesion observation
Herophilus was an important figure in Antiuity, what did he pioneer and what human system did he describe?
He pioneered observation > philosophizing and he described the nervous system through dissection
Galen pioneered two things and described/mapped several nerves/systems in the body, which things and nerves/systems?
Pioneered dissection and comparative anatomy, mapped ventricular system and cranial nerves and distinguished between motor and sensory nerves
What did neuropsychology generally look like before the renaissance?
Gross anatomy established, idea that brain is probably important for mental functions, no brain-behaviour theory.
The notion of the soul being immaterial still existed at large, experimentation on humans was forbidden and the scientific method was not fully developed
Vesalius is the founder of human anatomy, what did he do?
Create detailed descriptions/drawings of the anatomy of the brain
Descartes shaped a new theory, which was this?
Mind-body dualism (material, machine-like body and immaterial soul)
Gall massively changed the trajectory neuropsychology was headed through his theory and his specific study, which are these?
Localization and phrenology
What did neuropsychology generally look like before the 19th century?
More knowledge about the structure of the brain, still no brain-behaviour and views were heavily influenced by religion and politics
What made Charcot such a huge figure in neuropsychology?
He was the first neurology professor, categorised many neurological disorders for the first time, developed systematic examination and associated lesions <> clinical syymptoms (he’s also… a bitch)
What did Jackson mean for neuropsychology?
Hierarchical organization of the brain, first neurology journal and distinguished between different types of epilepsy
Galton’s importance for neuropsychology?
Mathematical concepts into psychology and pioneered psychometric assessment
How did world wars help with the development of neuropsychology?
The treatment of head shot wounds helps with development and helped shaped the idea of holism
Luria’s importance in neuropsychology?
Systems view of brain function, assessment battery and rehabilitation protocols
