Lecture 2: Endocrine Systems, Feedback Mechanisms & HPA

Question 1

How does intracrine signalling work?

Answer 1

Within same cell and acts on intracellular receptors. Doesn’t even leave the cell!

Question 2

What are the three classes of hormones?

Answer 2

Peptide, steroid and amino acid.

Question 3

What are the stages of peptide hormone synthesis?

Answer 3

Preprohormone -> prohormone -> hormone.

Question 4

Which amino acid are amino acid hormones derived from?

Answer 4

Tyrosine.

Question 5

What type of protein can extend the half life of a hormone?

Answer 5

Binding proteins.

Question 6

Which hormones have the longest half life?

Answer 6

Thyroid hormones.

Question 7

What is the difference between locations of steroid hormone receptors and thyroid hormone receptors?

Answer 7

Steroid hormone receptors are located within the cell in the cytosol, thyroid hormone receptors are located within the nucleus and actually already bound to DNA.

Question 8

What is the HPA axis feedback mechanism?

Answer 8

Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis