Lecture 2 - diversity of life Flashcards
What are the characteristics of life? (8)
Cellular organisation, reproduction, metabolism, homeostasis, heredity, response to stimuli, growth/development, adaptation.
(CUTE RABBITS MEET HARES. HARES, RABBITS GROW APPLES)
Theories for Origin of Life
Generaion of complex biomolecules
- complex early atmosphere
- Deep sea hydrothermal vents
RNA world? Chelation by mineral clays
Panspermia
What scale are cells and organelles measured with?
Micrometres/microns (µm)
What scale are subcellular components measured in?
Nanometres (nm)
What are the requirements for natural selection/evolution? (4)
Variation, genetic inheritance, selection, time
What are the three domains of life?
Bacteria, Eukarya, Archaea
What is the endosymbiosis theory?
Mitochondria and chloropasts (organelles) were derived from bacteria and were absorbed in eukaryotes.
What is a fundamental difference between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells, in terms of organelles?
Eukaryotic cells have membrane enclosed organelles, while prokaryotic cells do not.
What type of cell do Bacteria and Archaea have?
Prokaryotic
What type of cell do Eukarya have?
Eukaryotic
What is the size of a eukaryotic cell?
10-100 micrometers
What is the size of a prokaryotic cell?
less than 5µm
What is the size of a bacteria (prokaryotic cell)?
1-2µm
Size of Mitochondria and Chloroplast
Mitochondria = 1-10 microns
Chloroplasts= 2-5 microns
Size of Plant and Animal cell
Plant = 20x30microns
Animal = 20microns
