Lecture 2- disease frequency Flashcards
what is the target population
how can systematic sampling errors avoided
what is the study population
what must a study sample be
what are rates
what do clinical studies describe
what do epidemiology studies describe
Always need to know the population size
what is the equation for rate
how do we calculate ratios
what is a prevalence rate
what is an incidence rate
how is prevalence calculated
Usually expressed as cases per 100 or per 100
what is the point prevalence rate
what is the period prevalence rate and when is it mainly used
what factors effect the prevalence rate
what increases the prevalence rate
what decreases prevalence rates
why do prevalence studies do not usually provide strong evidence of causality
The prevalence of risk factors for a disease are as important as…
what are prevalence rates helpful in
what’re incidence rates
the Rate of occurrence of NEW cases; is applicable to…
what is the equation for incidence rates
what are the pros of incidence rates
what are the cons of incidence rates
what is the link between incidence and prevalence
how do we calculate prevalence
what disease has high prevalence and low incidence
what disease has low prevalence and high incidence
what is case fatality
how do we calculate case fatality
To make comparisons between sets of continuous data, the measurements must be…
To make comparisons 3 forms must be considered….
what population is the crude rate presented for
what population is the specific rate presented for
what are the standardised or adjusted ratios
what is the crude rate not standardised for
what is the equation for crude mortality rate
what are specific rates
example age standardised rates and why are these rates needed
what is SMR
what is the equation for SMR
what does it mean if the SMR is 100
what does it mean if the SMR over 100
what does it mean if the SMR is below 100
what does epidemiology not look in to
what correlation does age and disease have
