Lecture 2 Definitions Flashcards
2 studies designed to determine the association between exercise & health risk factors, and the association between physical activity and disease
Randomized Controlled Trials & Prospective Cohort Study
Study subjects are randomly allocated to receive one or other of the alternative treatments under the study, and reduce spurious causality and bias
Randomized Controlled Trials (RCT)
2 Types of RCTs
- Efficacy Study (internal Validity)
2. Effectiveness Study (External Validity)
Study with tight control of possible confounders and bias, and is explanatory where all participants are under supervision and receive personalized diets
Efficacy Study
Pragmatic Study with Variability allowed and is Generalizable
Effectiveness Study
What kind of evidence do we have to see this indirect relationship between exercise and risk factors?
Randomized Controlled Trials
4 isolation of exercise on health outcomes
○ Daily, unstructured physical activity
○ Caloric intake and composition
○ Sedentary activity
○Multiple measures of CRF throughout treatment
Primary and Secondary Outcomes in Effectiveness Study
Primary: Waist Circumference
Secondary: Metabolic Syndrome
What type of evidence do we consider to answer: is a physical activity associated with disease (i.e. Diabetes, Cancer)?
Prospective Cohort Study
A study that follows over time a group of similar individuals (cohorts) who differ with respect to certain factors under study, to determine how these factors affect rates of a certain outcome
Prospective Cohort Study
Strengths of a Prospective Cohort Study
Large sample, generalizability, multiple outcomes can be studied
Weaknesses of a Prospective Cohort Study
Expensive, confounding, changes in exposure and outcome over time
