Lecture 2 - Cerebrum & Cerebellum

Question 1

what is an association area?

Answer 1

integration and interpretation of sensory information, making associations between different types of sensory information, associate new sensory inputs with memories of the past

Question 2

what are the five association areas?

Answer 2

1. prefrontal cortex - cognitive functions
2. somatic association area - integrates sensory inputs from somatosensory cortex to understand sensations
3. visual association area - process visuals
4. auditory association area - identifies sound and memory
5. Wernicke’s speech area - language comprehension

Question 3

what is the cerebellum?

Answer 3

attached to brainstem, posterior to pons
coordination of muscle movement (posture, balance, eye movement)

Question 4

how do seizures occur?

Answer 4

result of cerebral irritation -> neurons give off abnormal action potential discharges -> spread to other parts of brain -> causes fit

Question 5

what seizure symptoms occur in each lobe?

Answer 5

frontal lobe - motor symptoms
parietal lobe - sensory and motor symptoms
temporal lobe - hallucination of smell/taste/personality
occipital lobe - visual (flashing lights)

Question 6

where is CSF produced?

Answer 6

choroid plexus of ventricles

Question 7

what is the route of CSF?

Answer 7

Lateral ventricles → interventricular foramen → 3rd ventricle → cerebral aqueduct → 4th ventricle → subarachnoid space & central canal of spinal cord → arachnoid villi → venous sinuses

Question 8

what is hydrocephalus?

Answer 8

excessive CSF in ventricles, causes blocked CSF circulation (tumour, meningitis, subarachnoid hemorrhage), fluid exerts damage on brain

Question 9

what is a lumbar puncture?

Answer 9

needle inserted between L2 & S2 into subarachnoid space, CSF drawn up into syringe