Lecture 6 - Neurotransmitters

Question 1

what are the chemical classes of neurotransmitters?

Answer 1

• acetylcholine
• amines
• amino acids
• peptides/neuropeptides

Question 2

what are the three categories of amines?

Answer 2

• catecholamines (dopamine, noradrenaline, adrenaline)
• serotonin
• histamine

Question 3

what is the amino acid GABA?

Answer 3

gamma-aminobutyric acid
inhibitory neurotransmitter

Question 4

how is the neurotransmitter effect (depol/hyperpol) determined?

Answer 4

by the receptor type of the postsynaptic neuron

Question 5

is GABA inhibitory or excitatory?

Answer 5

inhibitory

Question 6

is glutamine inhibitory or excitatory?

Answer 6

excitatory

Question 7

is acetylcholine inhibitory or excitatory?

Answer 7

excitatory at neuromuscular junction in skeletal muscle and inhibitory in cardiac muscle

Question 8

what does an autorecepetor do?

Answer 8

inhibits the release of more neurotransmitter

Question 9

what are the 2 types of receptors?

Answer 9

ligand gated receptors (opens/closes ion channel)
G protein-linked receptors (transmembrane protein complexes)

Question 10

what does cholinergic receptors bind to?

Answer 10

ACh

Question 11

what do adrenergic receptors bind to?

Answer 11

noradrenaline & adrenaline

Question 12

what are GABAa receptors?

Answer 12

transmembrane ion channel, inhibitory, binding for drugs - reduces brain activity

Question 13

what are GABAb receptors?

Answer 13

alter metabolism in postsynaptic cell by reducing enzyme activity in postsynaptic neuron