Lecture 2: Central Dogma Flashcards
Replication
Copy of DNA template
Transcription
Converting DNA to RNA
Translation
Converting RNA to Protein
Direct interaction of monomer to template
Replication and Transcription (dNTPs)
3’ Chain Growth
Nucleophilic 3’-OH attack
What phosphates are removed when extending chain from the NTP
beta and gamma
Transcription Bubble
DNA helices unwind Local Bubble with ATP
Direction of RNA and DNA polymerase movement
3’ to 5’
Promoters
- Facilitate the initial binding of RNA Pol to DNA
Transcription Vs Replication
Transcription:
- rNTPs
- start and stop site
- start site is promoter
- RNA separates from the template
- only one template
- start with one dsDNA and end with one dsDNA + RNA
Replication:
- dNTPs
- start and stop site
- start site is replication origin
- DNA never separates from the template
- each strand is a template
- start with one dsDNA and end with two dsDNA
Codons
the 3-nucleotide sequences that can be read in the dictionary (AUG is start)
- 64 possible codes
Non-coding codons
UAA
UAG
UGA
Energized Monomers
Rep. dNTP
Transcript. rNTP
Translation aminoacyl tRNA
Indirect template and monomer interaction
Found only in Translation
- Adaptor is tRNA
Aminoacyl-tRNA
Energized monomer for protein synthesis
contains the 3-nucleotide anticodon of its corresponding amino acid
