Lecture 2: Cells & Tissues of the Adaptive IS Flashcards
If a T-cell’s receptor binds with very high affinity for “self Ags” it will die via apoptosis. This process is called positive selection. True or False?
FALSE
- it would be negative selection
- Positive selection is when something binds it will survive
CD4+ cells are _____ cells.
T helper cells
- help other cells; ex = help B cells grow and differentiate
CD8+ cells are ____ cells.
Cytotoxic T cells
- recognize & kill certain types of cells; ex = recognizing and killing a virus infected cell
T-cell differentiation relies on cell-cell interactions and cytokines within the thymus from which 3 cells?
Macrophages, DCs, Epithelial cells
What is a thymoma?
Tumor/growth in epithelial cells of the thymus that usually does not spread beyond
What is thymic carcinoma?
Aggressive cancerous growth of thymic epithelial tissue that grows rapidly & spreads to other areas
T/F: T cell maturation is a lifelong process.
False
- this process occurs early in life - neonatal & pre-adolescent
- B cell maturation is a lifelong process
B cell maturation is guided by what cells?
Stromal cells
- B4 birth: it occurs in fetal liver
- After birth: occurs in bone marrow (lifelong process)
- B cells that interact inappropriately with self Ag are deleted via apoptosis (negative selection)
A 25 YO patient presents with 12 infections in the past year, what type of problem may this be?
(think big picture)
Immunocompromised –> problem in the BONE MARROW
What is a malignant dz of the BM resulting in overgrowth of immature blood cells?
Leukemia
- infections!!
What is the overproduction of ONE blood cell type?
Myeloproliferative disorder
- infections
What is a plasma cell malignancy?
Multiple myeloma
- infections
What type of cancer circulates in blood lymphocytes and is associated with increased risk of infections?
Lymphoma
