Lecture 2: Biology

Question 1

members of Hominidae

Answer 1

mountain gorilla 
chimpanzee
bonobo young
low land gorilla
Sumatran orangutan
bornaean orangutan

Question 2

how to organize life

Answer 2

biological levels of organization and Linnaean taxonomy

Question 3

life

Answer 3

defined by the characteristic of life

Question 4

science

Answer 4

a logical objective method of understanding the natural world and a body of knowledge

Question 5

theory

Answer 5

collections of unifying insights(explanations) and supporting facts about a natural phenomena
ex: cell theory of life

Question 6

science method

Answer 6

based on observations and measurements

Question 7

hypothesis

Answer 7

plausible explanation for a natural phenomena

Question 8

test validity

Answer 8

test validity through hypothesis through further observation

Question 9

science is a process

Answer 9

observation, hypothesis, prediction, experiment/ further observation, results, conclusion

Question 10

test of the spontaneous generation of life

Answer 10

Luis Pasteur hypothesis: cases of spontaneous generation of life could be explained by microscopic organisms
people believed that life regularly arose from the coming together of chemicals

Question 11

scientific method

Answer 11

a statement is scientific if an objective method can be stated by which it can be disproven
testable: scientific conclusions are inferred from data
refutable: scientific findings are refutable(To prove to be false or erroneous)
repeatable:

Question 12

the essence of the scientific method

Answer 12

skepticism(a skeptical attitude; doubt as to the truth of something)
testability

Question 13

pseudoscience (false)

Answer 13

presented as scientifically valid but in fact not scientific 
-untestable
-lack empirical support
-based on faulty reasoning
poor methodology
ex: Horoscope