Lecture 2: Behavior Therapy Flashcards

1
Q

Behavior therapy

A

= aims to change the factors in the environment that influence an individuals behavior as well as the ways in which individuals respond to their environment

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2
Q

What are the 3 waves of behavior therapy

A
  1. Behavioral
  2. Behavioral + cognitive
  3. Behavioral + cognitive + acceptance
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3
Q

What are 4 factors that underlie behavioral therapy

A
  • classical conditioning
  • operant conditioning
  • vicarious/observational learning
  • rule-governed/instructional learning
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4
Q

What are 4 kinds of reinforcement/punishment in operant conditioning

A
  • negative reinforcement = behavior is followed by removal of an aversive stimulus
  • positive reinforcement = behavior is followed by a rewarding stimulus
  • positive punishment = behavior is followed by an aversive consequence (eg. hitting/yelling)
  • negative punishment = behavior is followed by removal of a desired stimulus
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5
Q

What are 5 criteria for treatment planning

A
  • probability value (how likely is it)
  • problematic value
  • treatability
  • centrality (= is addressing the one problem going to have an influence on the other problems; vs end problem)
  • does it fit with the patient’s reason for therapy
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6
Q

Functional analysis

A

= ideally involves manipulating environmental variables and measuring their effect on target behavior

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7
Q

What is meant with ABC

A

A = antecedents of target behavior
B = behavior
C = consequences of behavior
—> Key variables assessed during functional analysis

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8
Q

What are the 12 most important kinds of central techniques of behavior therapy

A
  1. Behavioral assessment; interviews, observation, diaries, self-report scales, psych assessment
  2. Treatment planning; setting goals, based on functional analysis or diagnostic profile
  3. Exposure-based strategies
  4. Response prevention = inhibiting unwanted behavior to break associations between stimulus and response
  5. Operant-conditioning strategies; reinforcement-based or punishment-based
  6. Relaxation training
  7. Stimulus-control procedures = aim to correct problems related to stimulus control, particularly inappropriate stimuli
  8. Modeling; learn to overcome fear by watching others confront a situation without fear
  9. Behavioral activation (for depression)
  10. Social skills training
  11. Problem-solving training
  12. Acceptance-based behavioral therapies
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9
Q

Target behavior

A

= the behavior that the client most wants to change

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10
Q

What are 8 shared characteristics of BT

A
  1. Focus on behavioral change and expanding response options
  2. Focus on empiricism, hypothesis-testing and evaluation
  3. Supported by scientific evidence
  4. Behavior is a function of the environment, not the patient’s fault
  5. Focus on maintaining factors/current determinants of problem behavior
  6. Focus on homework in patient’s real environment
  7. Active, structured, directive and creative
  8. Transparent and collaborative
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11
Q

What are 6 misunderstandings of BT

A
  1. Coercive
  2. Denial of deeper thoughts and feelings
  3. Superficial and (only) addressing symptoms instead of (real) causes
  4. Exclusive focus on present
  5. Simplistic and manualized
  6. Ignores therapeutic relationship
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12
Q

What is a meaning analysis and in which 2 ways can we break this

A

= exploring personal significance that clients attach to their experiences/thoughts/behaviors, in terms of reinforcement (US/CS)
- extinction (unlearning)
- inhibition (new learning)

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13
Q

Taking an empirical approach includes… (4)

A
  • awareness of your own biases about clients
  • awareness of biases about treatment
  • collecting data throughout the course of therapy to test hypothesis about maintaining factors
  • collecting data to evaluate intervention effects
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