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AS II Module 4 > Lecture 2: arterial supply and venous drainage > Flashcards

Lecture 2: arterial supply and venous drainage Flashcards

1
Q

left common carotid artery is a branch off

A

the aortic arch

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2
Q

right common carotid artery is a branch off

A

the brachiocephalic trunk

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3
Q

the common carotid artery ascends within the neck to the superior border of the

A

thyroid cartilage / C3-C4 vertebral levels

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4
Q

common carotid artery bifurcates into

A

external carotid and internal carotid arteries

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5
Q

common carotid artery ascends medially to the ____ and _____ ascends posteriorly

A
  • internal jugular vein

- vagus nerve

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6
Q

internal carotid artery passes deep to

A

the posterior belly of digastric and stylohyoid muscles

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7
Q

internal carotid artery is crossed by the

A

hypoglossal nerve

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8
Q

internal carotid artery ascends anterior to

A

transverse processes of C1-C3 to reach the bas of the skull

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9
Q

major source of blood to brain and orbit

A

internal carotid artery

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10
Q

4 parts of the internal carotid artery

A
  • cervical
  • petrous
  • cavernous
  • cerebral
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11
Q

cervical part of the internal carotid artery

A

bifurcation of common carotid artery to lower end of the carotid canal

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12
Q

petrous part of the internal carotid artery

A

passes through the carotid canal (in petrous temporal bone)

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13
Q

cavernous part of the internal carotid artery

A

courses through the cavernous sinus (along the body of the sphenoid)

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14
Q

cerebral part of the internal carotid artery

A

after pierced the dura (near anterior clinoid process) the ICA gives off the ophthalmic artery before terminating as the anterior and middle cerebral arteries

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15
Q

ophthalmic artery

A
  • emerges from the internal carotid right after leaving the cavernous sinus
  • enters orbit via optic canal
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16
Q

ophthalmic artery branches

A
  • supraorbital (forehead)
  • supratrochlear (forehead)
  • lacrimal
  • ciliary
  • ehtmoidal
  • muscular
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17
Q

external carotid artery passes deep to

A

posterior belly of digastric and stylohyoid muscles

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18
Q

external carotid artery passes posterior to

A

ramus of the mandible where it is embedded in the parotid gland

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19
Q

external carotid artery main supply

A

structures external to the skull

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20
Q

external carotid artery branches

A
  • superior thyroid artery
  • ascending pharyngeal artery
  • lingual artery
  • facial artery
  • occipital artery
  • posterior auricular artery
  • maxillary artery (terminal branch)
  • superficial temporal artery (terminal branch)

Sally Ann Likes Flirting On Philadelphia’s Main Street

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21
Q

superior thyroid artery

A
  • deep to infrahyoid muscles to reach thyroid
  • gives off branches to local muscles ( infrahyoid muscles and SCM)
  • gives rise to the superior laryngeal artery
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22
Q

superior laryngeal artery

A
  • branch off the superior thyroid artery

- supplies the larynx

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23
Q

ascending pharyngeal artery

A
  • ascends between the internal carotid artery and pharynx to the base of the skull
  • sends branches to the pharynx
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24
Q

lingual artery

A
  • from anteromedial aspect of external carotid
  • crossed by hypoglossal nerve
  • deep to stylohyoid
  • posterior to digastric muscles
  • deep to hyglossus
  • primary blood supply to the tongue and floor of the oral cavity
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25
facial artery
- deep to digastric and stylohyoid muscles and medial to the rams/angle of the mandible - gives off the submental artery before entering the face
26
facial artery branches
- inferior labial artery - superior labial artery - lateral nasal branch - angular artery (terminal branch of the facial artery)
27
angular artery anastemosis with
the ophthalmic artery
28
occipital artery
- parallel and deep to the posterior belly of digastric as it courses to the posterior scalp - has branches that supply the scalp and muscles in the area
29
posterior auricular artery
- ascends posteriorly between the external acoustic meatus and mastoid process - gives branches the posterior auricle and muscles in the area
30
superficial temporal artery
* terminal branch - originates within the parotid gland - enters the temporal fossa - terminates by dividing into frontal and parietal branches
31
maxillary artery
* terminal branch - arises within the parotid gland - passes medial to mandible to enter the infra temporal fossa - may pass superficial or deep to lateral pterygoid muslce - passes through the pterygomaxillary fissure to enter the pterygopalatine fossa
32
branches off the 1 part (mandibular) of the maxillary artery
- deep auricular artery - anterior tympanic artery - middle meningeal artery - accessory meningeal artery - inferior alveolar artery DAM I A/M Deeply Pained But/ Pretty Soon I'll Posses A Dmd
33
deep auricular artery
pierces the wall of the external acoustic meatus and supplies the lateral surface of the tympanic membrane
34
anterior tympanic artery
transverses the pertrotympanic fissure and supplies the medial surface of the tympanic membrane
35
middle meningeal artery
transverses the foramen spinosum to enter the middle cranial cavity, where its blood supply includes the dura mater
36
accessory meningeal artery
transverses the foramen ovale to enter the middle cranial cavity; where its blood supply includes the dura mater
37
inferior alveolar artery
transverses the mandibular foramen--> enters the mandibular canal; supplies the mandibular teeth and adjacent gingiva
38
inferior alveolar artery branches
mylohyoid branch | incisive and mental
39
incisive branch of the inferior alveolar artery
courses toward the midline and supplies the anterior teeth and gingiva
40
mental branch of the inferior alveolar artery
passes through the mental foramen to supply the muscles of the skin and the chin
41
branches off the 2 part (pterygoid) of the maxillary artery
- messenteric artery - deep temporal arteries - pterygoid arteries - buccal artery DAM I A/M Deeply Pained But/ Pretty Soon I'll Posses A Dmd
42
messenteric artery
passes superior to the mandibular notch to reach the deep surface of the master muscle (which it supplies)
43
deep temporal arteries
ascend to supply the temporal muscle
44
pterygoid arteries
supply the pterygoid muscle
45
buccal artery
supplies the buccinator muscle
46
branches off the 3 part (pterygopalatine) of the maxillary artery
- posterior superior alveolar artery - infraorbital artery - descending palatine artery - artery of pterygoid canal - pharyngeal artery - sphenopalatine artery DAM I A/M Deeply Pained But/ Pretty Soon I'll Posses A Dmd
47
posterior superior alveolar artery
transverses the alveolar foramen; supplies the maxillary molar, premolars, adjacent gingival tissue as well as the lining of the maxillary sinus
48
infraorbital artery
passes through the inferior orbital fissure--> infraorbital groove --> infraorbital canal --> infraorbital foramen -supplies the inferior eyelid, lateral nose and superior lip gives rise to the anterior alveolar artery -supply the maxillary sinus
49
anterior alveolar artery
- derived from the infraorbital artery - supplies the maxillary canine, incisors and adjacent gingival tissue - supply the maxillary sinus
50
descending palatine artery
descends through the greater palatine canal --> branches into greater and lesser palatine arteries and pass through the greater and lesser palatine foramina -supply mucous membrane/ glands of the soft and hard palate and maxillary gingival tissue
51
artery of pterygoid canal
passes through the pterygoid canal | -supplies the nasopharynx, pharygotympanic tube and tympanic cavity
52
pharyngeal artery
passes through the palatovaginal canal | -supplies the nasopharynx
53
sphenopalatine artery
terminal branch of the maxiallary artery - passes through the sphenopalatine formate to reach the nasal cavity - supplies a portion of the nasal cavity (nasal septum and anterior hard palate)
54
blood from the brain empties into
dural venous sinuses
55
emissary veins
pass through the openings of the cranial wall allow communication between veins outside the skull and dural venous sinuses (inside the skull) -potential for spread of infection
56
diploic veins
occupy the channels in the cranial bones
57
dural venous sinuses are
endothelial lined spaces between the periosteal and meningeal layers of the dura
58
name 9 of the dural venous sinuses
- superior sagittal sinus - inferior sagittal sinus - straight sinus - occipital sinus - transverse sinus - sigmoid sinus - caverous sinus - superior petrosal sinus - inferior petrosal sinus
59
superior sagittal sinus
- convex superior attached border of the flax cerebri | - begins near the crita galli and ends near the internal occipital protuberance
60
inferior sagittal sinus
- occupies the concave inferior free border of the flax cerebri - ends in the straight sinus
61
straight sinus
- formed by the union of the inferior sagittal sinus and the great cerebral vein - joins the confluence of sinuses - located at the junction of the flax cerebri and tentorium cerebelli
62
occipital sinus
occupies the attached border of the flax cerebri and ends at the confluence of sinuses
63
confluence of sinuses
union of the superior sagittal, straight, occipital, and transverse sinuses
64
transverse sinus
-passes from the confluence of the sinuses, laterally along the attached margins of the tentorium cerebelli
65
sigmoid sinus
- where the transverse sinus leaves the tentorium cerebelli - s shaped as it descends and passes through in the posterior cranial fossa - continues as the internal jugular veins (IJV) as it passes the jugular foramen
66
cavernous sinus
- located on either side of the sella turcic of the sphenoid bone - drains posterioinferiorly through the superior and inferior periosteal sinuses
67
superior petrosal sinus
- along the anterior margin of the tentorium cerebelli | - passes from the posterior end of the cavernous sinus and terminates when it joins with the transverse sinus
68
inferior petrosal sinus
originates at the posterior end of the cavenous sinus, passes inferiorly and empties into the proximal aspect of the IJV
69
structures passing through the cavernous sinus
- internal carotid artery - internal carotid plexus (sympathetic nerves) - CN 3 - CN 4 - CN 6 - CN V1 - CN V2 separated from blood in the sinus by endothelial cells
70
superficial temporal vein
drains blood from the scalp in the region of the anterior to the auricle -near the auricle it enters the parotid gland
71
maxillary vein
- short trunk going with the 1st part of the maxillary artery - derived from the union of veins of the pterygoid venous plexus
72
pterygoid venous plexus
deep network of veins in the infra temporal fossa
73
retromandibular vein
- formed by the union of the superficial temporal vein and the maxillary vein - divides into anterior and posterior branches
74
___ and ___ join to form the external jugular vein
posterior branch of the retromandibular vein and posterior auricular vein
75
___ and ___ join to form common facial vein which drains into the internal jugular vein
anterior branch of the retromandibular vein and facial vein
76
___ and ___ join to form the facial vein
supraorbital vein and supratrochlear vein
77
the facial vein communicates with the pterygoid venous plus via the ....
deep facial veins and infraorbital veins
78
from the pterygoid venous plexus blood can reach the ___ sinus
cavenous sinus | --> potential route for the spread of infection

AS II Module 4 (4 decks)

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