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04. MSK Exam 2 Final > Lecture 2: Anterior Medial Thigh > Flashcards

Lecture 2: Anterior Medial Thigh Flashcards

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1
Q

What is it called when a patellar reflex is absent?

A

Westphal’s Sign

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2
Q

Sartorius Muscle

What are its actions?

A
  1. Flex the hip
  2. Abduct Hip
  3. Laterally Rotate Thigh
  4. Flex the leg at the knee
    * Think of Captain Morgan Pose*
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3
Q

What septum separates the Anterior and Posterior Compartments of the Thigh?

A

Lateral Intermuscular Septum

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4
Q

Rectus Femoris Muscle

What is its innervation and blood supply?

A

Innervation: Femoral Nerve

Blood Supply: Lateral Circumflex Femoral Artery

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5
Q

Adductor Brevis Muscle

What is its action?

A
  1. Adducts thigh
  2. Assists in flexion of hip
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6
Q

Pectineus Muscle

What are its attachments?

A

Origin: Superior Pubic Ramus

Insertion: Pectineal Line of the Femur

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7
Q

What separates the Anterior and Medial Compartments of the Thigh?

A

Medial Intermuscular Septum

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8
Q

What septum is contiguous with the Iliotibial Tract?

A

The Lateral Intermuscular Septum

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9
Q

Adductor Longus Muscle

What are its attachments?

A

Origin: Body of Pubis inferior to Pubic Crest

Insertion: Middle 1/3 of the linea aspera

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10
Q

Psoas Major Muscle

What is the innervation and blod supply?

A

Innervation: L1-L3 Ventral Rami

Blood Supply: Iliolumbar Artery

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11
Q

Hamstring Portion of Adductor Magnus Muscle

What is its action?

A
  1. Adducts Thigh
  2. Extends Thigh
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12
Q

Gracilis Muscle

What are its attachments?

A

Origin: Inferior Pubic Ramus and body of pubis

Insertion: Pes Anserinus

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13
Q

Gracilis Muscle

What is its innervation and blood supply?

A

Innervation: Obturator Nerve

Blood Supply: Obturator Artery

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14
Q

Hamstring Portion of Adductor Magnus Muscle

What is its innervation and blood supply?

A

Innervation: Tibial Branch of the Sciatic Nerve

Blood Supply: Deep Femoral Artery

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15
Q

Adductor Portion of the Adductor Magnus Muscle

What is its attachments?

A

Origin: Inferior Ramus of Pubis and Ramus of Ischium

Insertion: Gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, medial supracondylar line;

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16
Q

Adductor Portion of the Adductor Magnus Muscle

What is its innervation and blood supply?

A

Innervation: Obturator Nerve

Blood Supply: Deep Femoral Artery

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17
Q

Psoas Major Muscle

What are its attachments?

A

Origin: Transverse process of lumbar vertebrae and vertebral bodies of T12-L5

Insertion: Lesser Trochanter of Femur

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18
Q

What two compartments of the Thigh do not have a septum between them?

A

The Posterior and Medal Compartments

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19
Q

Articularis Genu Muscle

What is its action?

A

Tightens caupsule of knee during leg extension

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20
Q

Adductor Portion of the Adductor Magnus Muscle

What is its action?

A
  1. Adduction of Thigh
  2. Flexion of the Thigh
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21
Q

Where is the Patellar Ligament found?

Where is the Patellar Tendon found?

A

Patellar Tendon: Superior to Patella, connecting it to Quadriceps Muscles

Patellar Ligament Inferior to Patella, connecting it to Tibial Tuberosity

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22
Q

What is Osgood Schlatter Disease?

A

Inflammation of the area just below the knee where patellar tendon attaches to the shinbone

  • -Most common in children where running/jumpin can pull* Patellar Ligament causing a slight (incomplete) avulsion of the Tibial Tuberosity.
  • -Osteogenesis can lead to a bony growth at the location of the avulsion.*
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23
Q

What spinal roots give rise to the Femoral Nerve?

A

L2-L4

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24
Q

What does the Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve innervate?

What spinal roots contribute to it?

A

Sensory anterior and lateral thigh

L2 and L3

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25
What is Hilton's Law?
A joint is innervated by the same nerves that supply the uscles that move the joint and supply the skin over joint
26
**Sartorius Muscle** What is its innervation and blood supply?
**Innervation:** Femoral Nerve **Blood Supply:** Profunda Femoris Artery and Saphenous Branch of Descending Genicular Artery
27
**Iliacus Muscle** What are its actions?
1. Flexes thigh 2. Stabilizes Acetabulofemoral joint
28
**Sartorius Muscle** What are its attachments?
**Origin:** ASIS **Insertion:** Pes Anserinus (proximal end of tibia)
29
**Adductor Brevis Muscle** Origin
**Origin:** Body and Inferior Pubic Ramus **Insertion:** Pectineal Line and Proximal Linea Aspera
30
The Superficial Lymph Node does not drain what superficial lower extremity structure? What structure does drain it?
Dorsolateral foot and Posterior Calf ## Footnote *Popliteal Lymph Nodes*
31
Give the following for the Gracilis: Action
Adduction of the Hip Flexion of the Hip Medial Rotation of the Hip
32
What spinal roots give rise to the Common Fibular Branch of the Sciatic Nerve?
L4-S2
33
**Rectus Femoris Muscle** What are its attachments?
**Origin:** AIIS **Insertion:** Tibial Tuberosity via Patellar Ligament
34
**Vastus Medialis Muscle** What is its action?
Extend the leg at knee joint
35
**Adductor Longus Muscle** What is its action?
Adduction of the thigh
36
Which muscles extend the knee?
**Quadriceps Femoris:** Rectus Femoris Vastus Lateralis Vastus Intermedius Vastus Medialis
37
Which compartment is stronger, the Anterior Thigh, or the Posterior Thigh?
Anterior Thigh
38
**Vastus Intermedius Muscle** What are its attachments?
**Origin:** Anterior and Lateral Surface of Femoral Body **Insertion:** Tibial Tuberosity via Patellar Ligament
39
What is found inside the Adductor Canal?
Passageway for structures between anterior thigh and posterior thigh * Femoral Artery * Femoral Vein * Saphenous Artery * Saphenous Nerve * Nerve to Vastus Medialis Muscle
40
**Rectus Femoris Muscle** What is its action?
1. Extend leg at the knee *p**owerfully* 2. Helps iliopsoas flex thigh 3. Steadies hip joint
41
What is a groin pull?
Strain of proximal attachments in anteromedial thigh muscles that deal with flexing and adduction * Obturator Externus * Pectineus * Adductor Brevis, Longus, Magnus * Gracilis *Groin is junction between trunk and thigh*
42
**Vastus Medialis Muscle** What is its innervation and blood supply?
**Innervation:** Femoral Nerve **Blood Supply:** Femoral Artery, Deep Femoral Artery, Superior Medial Genicular Branch of Popliteal Arteryd
43
What spinal roots give rise to the Tibial Branch of the Sciatic Nerve?
L4-S3
44
What are the boundaries of the adductor canal?
**Anteromedial:** Sartorius Muscle **Lateral:** Vastus Medialis Muscle **Posterior:** Adductor Longus and Adductor Magnus Muscles *Runs from apex of femoral triangle to adductor hiatus*
45
**Pectineus Muscle** What is its innervation and blood supply?
**Innervation:** Femoral Nerve (*Despite being in the Medial Compartment*) **Blood Supply:** Medial Circumflex Femoral Artery
46
**Obturator Externus Muscle** What is its innervation and blood supply?
**Innervation:** Obturator Nerve **Blood Supply:** Obturator Artery
47
**Vastus Intermedius Muscle** What is its innervation and blood supply?
**Innervation:** Femoral Nerve **Blood Supply:** Lateral Circumflex Femoral Artery
48
**Pectineus Muscle** What is its action?
1. Adduction of the thigh 2. Flexion of the thigh
49
What nerve roots are being tested when a physician strikes the Calcaneal Tendon with a reflex hammer?
S1-S2
50
**Hamstring Portion of Adductor Magnus Muscle** What are its attachments?
**Origin:** Ischial Tuberosity **Insertion:** Medial Epicondyle of the Femur
51
What spinal roots give rise to the Obturator Nerve?
L2-L4
52
What three bursae can be found on the _lateral_ side of the knee?
1. Bursa Deep to the IT Tract 2. Bursa Deep to the Fibular Collateral Ligament 3. Bursa Deep to the Biceps Femoris
53
What veins are tributaries for Great Saphenous Vein?
External Pudendal Vein Superficial Circumflex Iliac Vein Superficial Epigastric Vein
54
**Obturator Externus Muscle** What is its action?
1. Lateral Rotation of Thigh 2. Holds Head of Femur in Acetabulum
55
What is Meralgia Paresthetica? Which nerve is impinged?
Tingling and numbness of lateral thigh Impingment of _Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve_
56
What spinal roots give rise to the Sciatic Nerve?
L4-S3
57
**Articularis Genu Muscle** What is its innervation and blood supply?
**Innervation:** Femoral Nerve **Blood Supply:** Femoral Artery
58
**Vastus Lateralis Muscle** What is its innervation and blood supply?
**Innervation:** Femoral Nerve **Blood Supply:** Lateral Circumflex Femoral Artery
59
What muscles flex the hip?
Sartorius Muscle Iliopsoas (Iliacus and Psoas Major) Muscle Pectineus Muscle
60
**Vastus Intermedius Muscle** What is its action?
Extend the leg at knee joint
61
What muscular compartments are found in Fascia Lata?
Anterior and Medial
62
**Adductor Longus Muscle** What is its innervation and blood supply?
**Innervation:** Obturator Nerve **Blood Supply:** Deep Femoral Artery
63
Where does the Great Saphenous Vein travel?
Starts at the medial side of dorsal venous arch of foot Travels medial side of leg and thigh Terminates in femoral vein on anterior thigh in _saphenous opening_
64
What exists the adductor canal?
*Femoral Artery and Vein become* **Popliteal Artery and Vein**
65
What is the Fascia Lata?
Deep connective tissue that surrounds thigh - mostly horizontal fibers (except around IT band) * Attaches to Gerdy's tubercle*
66
**Vastus Lateralis Muscle** What is its action?
Extend the leg at knee joint
67
How does Saphenous Nerve leave the Adductor Canal?
It pierces through Adductor Magnus and supplies cutaneous medial leg and foot ## Footnote *Does not exit adductor canal*
68
**Iliacus Muscle** What is its innervation and blood supply?
**Innervation:** Femoral Nerve **Blood Supply:** Medial Circumflex Femoral Artery
69
**Articularis Genu Muscle** What are its attachments?
**Origin:** Anterior surface of _distal femur_ **Insertion:** Anterior Capsule of Knee
70
What does the Obturator Nerve innervate? What spinal roots contribute to it?
Sensory: Medial Thigh Motor: Obturator Externus, Adductor Longus, Adductor Brevis, Gracilis, Pectineus, Adductor Magnus Muscles *L2-L4*
71
**Vastus Medialis Muscle** What are its attachments?
**Origin:** Intertrochanteric Line and Medial Lip of Linea Aspera **Insertion:** Tibial Tuberosity via Patellar Ligament
72
**Vastus Lateralis Muscle** What are its attachments?
**Origin:** Greater Trochanter and Lateral Lip of Linea Aspera **Insertion:** Tibial Tuberosity via Patellar Ligament
73
What does the Femoral Branch of Genitofemoral Nerve innervate? What spinal roots contribute to it?
Sensory: Scrotum/Labia Majora/Medial Thigh Motor: Cremaster Muscle *L1 and L2*
74
**Psoas Major Muscle** What are its action?
1. Flex thigh at hip and trunk 2. Stabilize hip joint 3. Flexes vertebral column
75
What two bursae can be found deep to Pes Anserinus on the _medial_ side of the knee?
Bursa of Semimembranosus Anserine Bursa
76
What muscles insert at Pes Anserinus? What are its innervations?
**Sartorius** **Muscle**: Femoral Nerve **Gracilis** **Muscle**: Obturator Nerve **Semitendenous** **Muscle**: Tibial Branch of Sciatic Nerve
77
**Adductor Brevis Muscle** What is its innervation and blood supply?
**Innervation:** Obturator Nerve **Blood Supply:** Deep Femoral Artery
78
What nerve roots are tested when a physician checks the patellar reflex?
L2-L4
79
**Obturator Externus Muscle** What are its attachments?
**Origin:** Margins of Obturator Foramen and Obturator Membrane **Insertion:** Trochanteric Fossa of Femur
80
Where can the Iliopectineal Bursa be found, and why is it clinically relevant?
Deep to Iliopsoas Muscle and Pectineus - Mostly on the capsule of the hip joint - Can become inflamed and lead to groin pain
81
Where are the two groups of Superficial Inguinal Lymph Nodes located in the Femoral Triangle?
**Superior Horizontal Group:** Along the Inguinal Ligament -drains anterior inferior abdominal wall **Inferior Vertical Group:** On either side of Great Saphenous Vein -drains superficial tissue of lower extremity
82
**Iliacus Muscle** What are its attachments?
**Origin:** Superior Iliac Fossa **Insertion:** Lesser Trochanter of Femur
83
What is the Iliotibial tract?
Thickened part of the Fascia Lata on the lateral side - Vertical Fibers - Aponeurosis of gluteus maximus and Tensor Fascia Lata * Inserts into Gerdys tubercle*

04. MSK Exam 2 Final (24 decks)

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