Lecture #2 and #3 Flashcards
Function of the skeletal system
Protect organs
Function of the skeletal system
Support to maintain posture
Function of the skeletal system
Movement by serving as points of attachment for muscles acting as levers
Function of the skeletal system
Mineral storage
Function of the skeletal system
Hemopoiesis (Process of blood cell formation in red bone marrow)
Long Bones
Long, cylindrical shaft w/protruding ends
Long Bones
Shaft contains the medullary canal
Short Bones
Small, cubical shaped, solid bones
Short Bones
Have large articular surface in order to articulate w/more than 1 bone
Flat Bones
Have a curved surface
Flat Bones
Vary in thickness depending on tendon attachment
Irregular Bones
Include bones throughout the entire spine and ischium, pubis, and maxilla
Sesamoid Bones
Embedded w/in tendon of a musculotendinous unit
Sesamoid Bones
Provide protection and improve mechanical advantage to musculotendinous units
Diaphysis
Long cylindrical shaft that includes periosteum, cortex, endosteum, and medullary cavity
Periosteum
Dense, fibrous membrane covering outer surface of diaphysis
Cortex
Hard, dense compact bone forming walls of diaphysis
Endosteum
Fibrous membrane that lines the inside of the cortex
Medullary (Marrow) Cavity
Between walls of diaphysis, containing yellow or fatty marrow
Epiphysis
Ends of long bones formed from cancellous (spongy or trabecular) bone
Epiphyseal Plate (Growth Plate)
Thin cartilage plate that separates diaphysis and epiphysis
Bone Growth
Longitudinal growth continues until epiphyseal plates are open
Bone Growth
Growth in diameter continues throughout the life but not vertically
Wolff’s Law
Bone size and shape are influenced by the direction and magnitude of forces that are habitually applied to them
