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KNES 360 Exam #1 > Lecture #2 and #3 > Flashcards

Lecture #2 and #3 Flashcards

1
Q

Function of the skeletal system

A

Protect organs

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2
Q

Function of the skeletal system

A

Support to maintain posture

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3
Q

Function of the skeletal system

A

Movement by serving as points of attachment for muscles acting as levers

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4
Q

Function of the skeletal system

A

Mineral storage

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5
Q

Function of the skeletal system

A

Hemopoiesis (Process of blood cell formation in red bone marrow)

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6
Q

Long Bones

A

Long, cylindrical shaft w/protruding ends

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7
Q

Long Bones

A

Shaft contains the medullary canal

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8
Q

Short Bones

A

Small, cubical shaped, solid bones

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9
Q

Short Bones

A

Have large articular surface in order to articulate w/more than 1 bone

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10
Q

Flat Bones

A

Have a curved surface

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11
Q

Flat Bones

A

Vary in thickness depending on tendon attachment

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12
Q

Irregular Bones

A

Include bones throughout the entire spine and ischium, pubis, and maxilla

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13
Q

Sesamoid Bones

A

Embedded w/in tendon of a musculotendinous unit

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14
Q

Sesamoid Bones

A

Provide protection and improve mechanical advantage to musculotendinous units

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15
Q

Diaphysis

A

Long cylindrical shaft that includes periosteum, cortex, endosteum, and medullary cavity

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16
Q

Periosteum

A

Dense, fibrous membrane covering outer surface of diaphysis

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17
Q

Cortex

A

Hard, dense compact bone forming walls of diaphysis

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18
Q

Endosteum

A

Fibrous membrane that lines the inside of the cortex

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19
Q

Medullary (Marrow) Cavity

A

Between walls of diaphysis, containing yellow or fatty marrow

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20
Q

Epiphysis

A

Ends of long bones formed from cancellous (spongy or trabecular) bone

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21
Q

Epiphyseal Plate (Growth Plate)

A

Thin cartilage plate that separates diaphysis and epiphysis

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22
Q

Bone Growth

A

Longitudinal growth continues until epiphyseal plates are open

23
Q

Bone Growth

A

Growth in diameter continues throughout the life but not vertically

24
Q

Wolff’s Law

A

Bone size and shape are influenced by the direction and magnitude of forces that are habitually applied to them

25
Q

Wolff’s Law

A

Bones reshape themselves based upon the stresses placed upon them

26
Q

Wolff’s Law

A

Bone mass increases over time w/increased stressed

27
Q

Davis’ Law

A

Ligaments, muscle and other soft tissue when placed under appropriate tension will adapt over time by lengthening and conversely when maintained in a loose or shorted state over a period of time will gradually shorten

28
Q

Joint Classifications

A

Synarthrodial, Amphiarthrodial, and Diarthrodial

29
Q

Synarthordial

A

Immovable joints

30
Q

Amphiarthordial

A

Some/slight movement

31
Q

Diarthrodial

A

Moveable

32
Q

Amphiarthordial Joints

A

Syndesmosis, Symphysis, Synchondrosis

33
Q

Syndesmosis

A

2 bones joined together by a strong ligament or an interosseous membrane

34
Q

Syndesmosis

A

Allows minimal movement between the bones

35
Q

Symphysis

A

Joint separated by a fibrocartilage pad

36
Q

Symphysis and Synchondrosis

A

Allow very little movement between the bones

37
Q

Synchondrosis

A

Joint separated by hyaline cartilage

38
Q

Diathordial Joints

A

Arthrodial (gliding) Joints, Ginglymus (Hinge) Joint, Trochoid (Pivot, Skrew) Joint, Condyloid (Knuckle) Joint, Enarthrodial, Sellar (Saddle) Joint

39
Q

Arthrodial (gliding) Joints

A

2 plane or flat bone surfaces

40
Q

Arthrodial (gliding) Joints

A

Little motion possible in any 1 joint articulation

41
Q

Ginglymus (Hinge) Joint

A

Uniaxial joint

42
Q

Ginglymus (Hinge) Joint

A

Articular surfaces allow motion in 1 plane

43
Q

Trochoid (Pivot, Skrew) Joint

A

Uniaxial articulation

44
Q

Condyloid (Knuckle) Joint

A

1 bone w/an oval concave surface while another bone w/an oval convex surface

45
Q

Enarthrodial

A

Multiaxial or triaxial ball and socket joint

46
Q

Enarthrodial

A

Bone head fits into concave surface

47
Q

Sellar (Saddle) Joint

A

Unique triaxial joint

48
Q

Sellar (Saddle) Joint

A

2 reciprocally concave and convex articular surface

49
Q

Stability and Mobility of Diarthrodial Joints

A

The more mobile joint, the less stable and vice-versa

50
Q

Factor that affects total stability and mobility of joints

A

Bones

51
Q

Factor that affects total stability and mobility of joints

A

Cartilage

52
Q

Factor that affects total stability and mobility of joints

A

Ligaments and Connective Tissue

53
Q

Factor that affects total stability and mobility of joints

A

Muscles

54
Q

Factor that affects total stability and mobility of joints

A

Proprioception and Motor Control

KNES 360 Exam #1 (5 decks)

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