Lecture 2

Question 1

The evolution of school based physical education came from 5 different theoretical contexts:

Answer 1

• Medical model
• Social minority model
• Social construction of disability
• World health organization model
• Inclusion model

Question 2

medical model

Answer 2

• the oldest view of disability but still has influence on teaching and professional practice
• disability is seen as a limitation of the individual who must be “fixed”
• programs and services diagnose, treat, prescribe, and rehabilitate the individual
• we try altering the individual to interact efficiently with the environment

Question 3

social minority model

Answer 3

• those with disabilities are different from the majority and share similar experiences as those in other minority groups
• The focus is on the social consequences of having a minority status
• assumes all individuals with disabilities have similar experience with being disabled
• this view perpetuates segregation as the disability is emphasized

Question 4

social construction of disability

Answer 4

• disability is the perception of the difference between “able” and “not able”
• the differences are evident through the daily activities of able-bodied people (elevators, staircases, doors) created for able-bodied people
• the social construction compares the person with a disability to these norms created for able-bodied people
• can we deconstruct what are considered norms and make “new norms” that include more people?

Question 5

what does WHO bridge

Answer 5

-bridges the social and medical model

Question 6

inclusive model of ability in physical activity (IMAPA)

Answer 6

-a combination of the models

Question 7

IMAPA success of this model involves

Answer 7

• how individuals view different abilities
• the ways in which programs are developed
• the instructional practices of practitioners (teachers, coaches)
• the availability of environment supports
• the availability of equipment

Question 8

individual capability

Answer 8

• the disability a person has may or may not be relevant in every context. Can a child participate in soccer but not track and field
• can we change the environment to improve the levels of success (both the social environment and the physical environment What about the setting or context? (one on one vs team- indoor vs out)
• how can we improve baseball to accommodate a student in a manual wheelchair

Question 9

role of the practitioner

Answer 9

• The professional role is to collaborate, consult, and plan a student first program
• job expectation may need to be extended (would you sit on the IEP committee)
• you make a commitment to provide the best learning opportunity for each student as you possibly can (be reflective and flexible)