Lecture 2 Flashcards
How can IoT provide social and economic benefits to emerging economies?
- Sustainable agriculture
- Water quality and usage
- Healthcare
- Industrialisation
- Enviro management
What needs to be worked on in developing economies to make IoT viable?
- Infrastructure readiness (connectivity)
- Market and investment incentives (Low profit regions, how to incentivise these technologies to be introduced. Also comparatively more expensive)
- Skill req
- Policy resources (regulation and laws)
What is vendor lock-in?
Where proprietary technologies are used so a user is locked into a specific ecosystem.
When was IoT first introduced?
Term first used in 1999 using RFID devices describing it as a system in which objects in the physical world can be connected to the internet by sensors.
First introduced in late 1970s for remotely monitoring meters on the electrical grid.
1990s, M2M (machine to machine) tech introduced but not using IP.
What are the 3 dimensions of IoT?
Any Time: (Moving, day/night)
Any Place: (Indoors/out/human)
Any Thing: (human/thing/machine/pc)
What are the different communication models for IoT?
- D2D (Devices communcating)
- D2C (Device directly to the cloud)
- D2G (bluetooth sensor to bike computer which communicated with outside world)
- Back end data sharing model
Describe device to device communication
Where devices communicate directly to each other via IP rather than using an intermediary application server.
What is Z-wave
Wireless communication protocol which uses low energy radio waves and can be controlled via the internet.
Used for many household purposes such as lighting, security, thermostats, locks, pools and garages.
What is Zigbee?
IEEE 802.15 for high level communication to create personal area networks.
Low power, low data rate and close proximity designed for small scale projects needing wireless connection
What is D2C communication?
IoT device connects directly to the internet cloud service like an application service provider to exchange data and control message traffic.
IoT devices like Nest thermostat and Samsung Smart TV.
Users has access to the cloud connection to control their devices.
Can cause vendor lock-in because of a specific communication channel between
What is D2G communication?
This is where you have an intermediary between the device and cloud service and provides security and other functionality such as data or protocol translation.
This allows the sensors and things to be dumb while the local gateway (Phillips Hue Hub) to do all of the processing.
They can then communicate over their own channel.
Users communicate via the cloud to the gateway.
What is back end data sharing model?
Extends the D2C model so that devices and data can be accessed by authorised third parties.
It is connecting the cloud service to other services to make it accessible by others (Strava exports)
What is CoAP and OAuth?
CoAP is an Internet Application Protocol which allows devices to communicate on the internet and is common for devices with severe power/memory/process constraints allowing for constrained node networks.
OAuth is an open standard for access delegation to allow website or appsto acces information without giving them the passwords. (Fb / Google login)
