Lecture 2 Flashcards
History inquiry
- Chest pain
- Dysnea
- Palpitations
- Fatigue
- Syncope
- Edema
- Hemoptysis
- Cyanosis
- Past personal/family cardiac history
- Personal habits (cardiac risk factors)
Asking about chest pain
- When does pain occur
- When was most recent episode
- Explain discomfort - when, frequency, how does it stop
- Does discomfort move anywhere?
Stable angina
Basically a heart attack — I.e. shoveling
Chest Pain that occurs slowly, worse over a few minutes before going away. Occurs with exercise.
Stable angina
Which type of angina is worse?
Unstable
Chest pain that is sudden & gets worse over time
Unstable angina
Chest pain that lasts longer than 15-20 minutes , no cause
Unstable angina
Does unstable angina respond well to nitroglycerin?
No
Chest pain associated with SOB, drop in BP
Unstable angina
Worst type of ischemic pain
Myocardial infarction
Prinzmetal’s angina
Temporary coronary artery spasm
Symptoms of Variant
Prinzmetals angina - between 12-8am, not associated with exercise
“Swish” sound
Mitral regurgitation
Mitral regurgitation
Mitral valve prolapse
Mitral valve prolapse
One/both MV leaflets prolapse back into atria during systole
When does mitral valve prolapse occur?
Systole
Inflammation of the pericardium
Pericarditis
Type of chest pain in pericarditis
Precordial; pleuritic or crushing in the retrosternal area
Dissecting aneurysm
Tearing of the arterial intima
Characteristics of dissecting aneurysm
Sharp pain radiating into back/neck; tearing quality
Symptoms of PE
Dyspnea
Symptom of pulmonary edema
Anxious
Pulmonary edema is a side effect of?
CHF, pHTN
Pleurisy
Inflammation of the pleura
Pain characteristics of pleurisy
Worse with breathing, pain goes away when holding breath
Tracheal deviation
Hemothorax, pneumothorax
