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Nurs 200 > Lecture 2 > Flashcards

Lecture 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Grand Theory

A

Provides conceptual framework under which key concepts for nursing can be identified (abstract, cant treat pts or interventions)

Framework

Cannot be test empirically

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2
Q

Middle Range Theory

A

Analyzes a specific situation with a limited number of variables.

Bridge between grand and practice

Target specific (chronic disease)

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3
Q

Practice Theory

A

Explains one specific situation in nursing

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4
Q

descriptive theory

A

Describes phenomena

Predict why

Explores consequences

explain relate and predict

not to inform nursing intervention
Substance abuse (Why is their a cycle)
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5
Q

Prescriptive

A

Addresses nursing interventions and attempts to predict consequences

action oriented

test specific interventions

Must include: intervention, conditions in which this should occur, and the consequences

Why must we turn out pts, if we turn them it decreases bed sores

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6
Q

Practice based theories

A

Nightingale:

Inspired by nursing practice

first set of principles -including environment

think about clients

shifted the focus from disease processes to environment conductive to healing

Just do it concept

No interaction with patient

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7
Q

Needs theory

A

Virgnia Henderson

14 basic needs

viewing the client in this way -defined nursings role

Help with things that contribute to health, wellness or a peaceful death

language is easy to understand

biological psychological social and spiritual combine

you need to walk so heres how we will get you to

Doesn’t identify the interactions

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8
Q

Interactionist theory

A

Hildegard Peplau

Relationships

communication and behavioural patterns

interactive and therapeutic relationship

Nurses are investigators, interpreter and reporter

develops insights

preventing illness and maintaining health

Socioeconomic factors are missing

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9
Q

SYstems theories

A

Dorothy Johnson

complexity of human health - 7 subsystems with unique goals, behaviours and choices

entire person with parts

open system - pts constant interacting with surroundings

nurses realized that intervention in one part caused a reaction in another

domino effects

doesn’t look at the person as a whole

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10
Q

Simultaneity Theory

A

Jean Watson

Considered the individual to a totality
mind and body make one thing
unity

Oneness -connected

Nurses must deal with caring

facilitates healing and growth

holistic

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11
Q

Issue

A
  • Requires analysis
  • Possibilities
  • Barriers to resolution
  • Persists over time
  • Shortage of nurses
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12
Q

Problem

A
  • Benefits from analysis
  • One dimension
  • Solution is apparent
  • Can be resolved fairly immediately
  • You need a ride
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13
Q

Trend

A
  • Analysis not required
  • A direction
  • Does not involve a solution
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14
Q

Critical Framework

A

Nature of the issue

Historical analysis

Ethical and legal

Social and cultural

Political

Critical Feminist

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15
Q

Early characterisitics of a profession

A
  1. Recognized by institutional authorities
  2. Requires specialized and technical knowledge
  3. Commitment to service
  4. Self-organized with governing body and hierarchy
  5. Codes of practice and ethical standards
  6. Secure privileges and rights
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16
Q

Characteristics of nursing

A

Committed to public service

specialised knowledge

high degree of responsibility

based on ethical standards

professional evolves

17
Q

First Nurses

A
  • Nursing: “oldest of the arts and youngest of the professions”
  • Turning points in world history are turning points in nursing.
  • Science, spirit and skills = theoretical, practical and ethical
  • Late middle ages (1000-1500 ad): “great numbers of men became nurses and the military ideal of discipline and order entered nursing”
18
Q

Early Canadian History in Nursing (mid 1600s)

A

No tech, herbal remedies
•Battled smallpox, diphtheria, typhus, cholera, scarlet fever(epidemics)

Need for healthcare that was accessible

  • Informal social structures were created long before modern nursing
  • Developed and practiced a form of nursing, midwifery, palliative care

Aboriginal women

19
Q

Nursing in Canada - Firsts

A

First nurses were male in Acadia

First Nursing mission in 1639, 3 nuns treated small pox in Quebec

Jeanne Mance: Montreal. Built informal network of nursing recruits. Founded hotel Dieu

20
Q

History of Nursing in Saskatchewan

A

Grey nuns founded mission at ille-a-la-crosse

three sister traveled in a Hudson bay barge from st Boniface Manitoba to northern Saskatchewan taking 67 days

21
Q

History

A

No graduate or registered nurses (nightingale school)

Grey nuns order to take care for the sick and the forgotten

•Nurse Kate Miller and Hannah Grier Combe arrived from Winnipeg in 1885 to saskatoon and started organizing the care for wounded - created framework for hospitals

first private hospital opened in regina

Hospitals opened nursing schools

22
Q

Weir Report

A

Showed low standards of school

Student nurses staffed wards

turning point in nursing education

23
Q

Florence Nightingale

A

Founder of modern nursing

Superintendent of nurses that went to Crimean war hospital

Her evidence of positive health outcomes = public cry for change

Nightingale school of nursing opened in 1860

Lobby for women to have a right to enter nursing

24
Q

Historical Accident

A

Failure to apply nightingale model, dependence on money

25
Q

Early motto

A

I see and am silent

26
Q

Nightingale Model

A 
•	Medical records
•	Medical triage
o	Order of care
•	Infection control
•	Hospital epidemiology 
•	Nutrition
•	Patient education
•	Hospital financial management
•	Patient centered care
•	Positive culture
27
Q

Historical Issues = present issues

A
  • Regulation
  • Recruitment and retention
  • Workplace satisfaction
  • Wages
  • Scope of practice
  • Nursing interventions
  • Workplace settings
  • Professional development
28
Q

History of Image

A

19th century - woman called by god to work with the sick
At odd with men in leadership

Church wanted to limit freedom

Emphasis on virtue and ethics

Nurs 200 (6 decks)

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