Lecture 2 Flashcards
The moral foundations theory proposed five (six) foundations:
Care (/harm)
Fairness (/cheating)
Loyalty (/betrayal)
Authority (/subversion)
Sanctity (/degradation)
6: Added by Jonathan Haidt, Liberty (/oppression)
Sanctity/Degradation
abhorrence for disgusting things, foods, actions vs. sanctity
Rationalist Delusion
claims that while is widely believed that we make our decisions rationally, when in reality, what we think are rational decisions are often gut/emotional decisions
Rationality
Evidence based thinking
Affect
The ways in which you comport yourself. Expressed or observed emotion. The physical and sensuous part of feelings.
How does Haidt suggest we use affect?
As information.
Confirmation Bias
Finding evidence that supports what you believe is true. We are predisposed to seek out and accept the information that confirms what we believe.
Morality
- important building block for the development of culture/society
- we organize our societies based on morality
- governs the policies of politics
- highly central to religion
- a lens through which cultures can view their identity
- Is taught and learned
- Teaching a child to govern their behaviours
Morality
- governs the policies of politics
- highly central to religion
- a lens through which cultures can view their identity
- Is taught and learned
- Used when teaching a child to govern their behaviours
Morality in society
- important building block for the development of culture/society
- we organize our societies based on morality
- We form “teams” based on our morality (very obvious in religion and politics
- Once people accept and adopt one moral perspective, they become blind to other realities.
Jonathan Haidt
- Moral Psychologist
- Discussed the role of rationality in moral decision making
- Believes that emotional reactions drive rational decision making
Physiology of moral decisions (fMRI)
When making moral decisions, the emotional areas of the brain are immediately involved, whereas the reasoning areas of the brain only come in later.
Emotion
Feelings translated into shareable social constructs.
Daniel Kahneman thinking systems
Fast thinking:
o Associative
o Automatic
o We can’t stop it
Slow thinking (what jonathan haidt called rationality):
o Slower o Systematic o Processed o It takes time and effort Likelihood of reluctance to use this type of thinking
ERASMUS
Wrote De Civilitate Morum Puerilium,
- handbook on how one should present and handle their bodies
- handbook on how kids should behave
