Lecture 2 Flashcards
Why did cells switch from single stranded RNA to double stranded DNA?
DNA is more stable than RNA, and the presence of double strands provides a backup.
Give a general overview of transcription and translation:
DNA is transcribed to mRNA, then mRNA is translated into proteins
What’s one way we study microbial genes?
We create point mutations and examine their effects,
What is bioinformatics
Studying and comparing pieces of genomes to each other, across domains
True or False: We can produce human insulin by inserting the gene into E. coli cells
True. We can
List three places microbes live:
In the intestines, in plaque on teeth, in slime on beaches, in mold in bathrooms
What was peoples original idea of where diseases came from:
From angry gods or bad air
Even after people knew that microbes existed, they believed in something called the spontaneous generation theory. What was the spontaneous generation theory?
The spontaneous generation theory stated that Life could spontaneously form from nonliving matter.
Which two scientist’s work debunked the spontaneous generation theory:
Louis Pasteur and Robert Koch
What was the name of Louis Pasteur’s experiment
It was the S-shaped flask experiment
What was the S-shaped flask experiment:
it involved boiling broth in a flask clean of all bacteria. Then some bacteria was put in the stem of the flask. The broth still remained sterile. Then, the flask was tipped over such that the bacteria touched it. The broth within the flask was then seen to have bacteria replicating in it.
What were the two microbes that Robert Koch “discovered”, and what were the diseases he associated them with?
Bacillus anthracis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis; associated with anthrax and tuberculosis respectively.
What was the name of Robert Koch’s list of rules?
Koch’s Postulates
What is another name for Koch’s Postulates
The Germ Theory
What is the Germ Theory
It states that a specific microbe causes a specific disease.
