Lecture 2 Flashcards
Where does a lysosome come from?
The vessicles being made from the trans face of the Golgi
What is the function of the lysosome? How does it work?
It is the stomach of the cell and works as a recycling centre. Inside it has hydrolytic enzymes that are able to break down anything that the lysosome allows to enter it or bind with it
What is phagocytosis?
“cell eating”. lysosome will bind with a vessicle that has proteins or different things in it.
What is Autophagy?
“self eating” lysosome will break down any old or damaged organelles so they can be recycled for the cell to build something new
What are the 3 components of the Cytoskeleton?
Microfilaments, Microtubules, and intermediate filaments
What should we know about microfilaments?
they are about 7nm in size, throughout the cell but tend to be concentrated on the outside, made from the protein Actin(G-Actin),They are polar
What do microfilaments protein tend to interact with?
Myosin
What do we need to know about microtubules?
They are the largest component of the cytoskeleton at about 25nm in diameter, they are made of tubulin and are hallow because of the way they assemble. They are polar, we call the end capped in b positive and the end capped in a is negative.
what makes a microtubule?
A-tubulin and b-tubulin come together to form a dimer. These dimers come together end on end to form a protofilament. Then 13 protofilaments connect side by side to form a microtubule
where do microtubules come from?
centrosomes
what makes up a centrosome?
they are made of two centrioles. they are arranged so one is standing up and one is laying down at a 90 degree angle.
what is the function of microtubules?
a railway tract for mobility within the cell
what are the two motor proteins associated with microtubules?
Kinesin and dynein
which way will the kinesin walk?
towards the positive end
what way will the dynein always walk?
towards the negative end
