LECTURE 2 & 3

Question 1

INFLUENCES ON ARCHITECTURE

Answer 1

GENERAL INFLUENCES, INFLUENCES OF NATURE, INFLUENCE OF MAN

Question 2

GENERAL INFLUENCES

Answer 2

NEEDS OF MAN & ACTIVITIES OF MAN

Question 3

NEEDS OF MAN

Answer 3

PHYSICAL NEEDS, EMOTIONAL NEEDS, INTELLECTUAL NEEDS

Question 4

WHAT ARE THE TWO PHYSICAL NEEDS?

Answer 4

SELF PRESERVATION AND REPRODUCTION

Question 5

food, shelter, clothing, livelihood, and other basic needs

Answer 5

SELF PRESERVATION

Question 5

for the population to
increase and continue in existence.

Answer 5

REPRODUCTION

Question 6

ACTIVITIES OF MAN

Answer 6

• DESIRE FOR PRESERVATION
• DESIRE FOR RECOGNITION
• DESIRE FOR RESPONSE
• DESIRE FOR SELF-EXPRESSION

Question 7

WHAT ARE THE INFLUENCES OF NATURE?

Answer 7

CLIMATE & TOPOGRAPHY

Question 8

This affects the habits and temperaments
of people

Answer 8

CLIMATE

Question 9

WHAT ARE THE TWO TYPES OF CLIMATE?

Answer 9

WARMER CLIMATE & COLDER CLIMATE

Question 10

plans are more open and often include courts or patios.

Answer 10

WARMER CLIMATE

Question 11

more compact in arrangement. The severe cold winds are avoided by providing a cover from portion of the building to the other.

Answer 11

COLDER CLIMATE

Question 12

The general terrain or contour of the surface of an area.

Answer 12

TOPOGRAPHY

Question 13

WHAT ARE THE INFLUENCES OF MAN?

Answer 13

SOCIAL CONDITIONS & MAN’S PERSONALITY

Question 14

Since architecture is the most permanent and cumulative reflection of the social structure of a certain period, the interests of the people dictate the type and appearance of its buildings

Answer 14

SOCIAL CONDITIONS

Question 15

In this setting, this reflects his interest in the type of house that he prefers to live in. This influence is even more magnified when you are dealing with residential clients

Answer 15

MAN’S PERSONALITY

Question 16

refers to the size of something compared to a reference standard or to the size of something else (like a human being).

Answer 16

SCALE

Question 17

refers to the proper and harmonious relation of one part to another or to the whole.

Answer 17

PROPORTION

Question 18

In architecture, you can achieve proportion
through?

Answer 18

• MATERIAL PROPORTIONS
• STRUCTURAL PROPORTIONS
• MANUFACTURED PROPORTIONS

Question 19

PROPORTIONING SYSTEMS

Answer 19

• GOLDEN SECTION
• CLASSICAL ORDERS
• RENAISSANCE THEORIES
• MODULOR
• KEN
• ANTHROPOMETRY

Question 20

a mathematically-based proportioning system used by ancient civilizations including the Greeks and Romans as well as by modern designers, most notably the French-Swiss architect Le Corbusier.

Answer 20

GOLDEN SECTION

Question 21

Used by the Greeks and Romans of ancient antiquity represented the perfect expression of beauty and harmony. They were not based on a fixed unit of measurement, but rather on the proportioning of the parts to the whole.

Answer 21

CLASSICAL ORDERS

Question 22

The architects of the Renaissance, believing that their buildings had to belong to a higher order, returned to the Greek mathematical system of proportions.

Answer 22

RENAISSANCE THEORIES

Question 23

who developed the proportioning system which was based on musical scale?

Answer 23

PYTHAGORAS

Question 24

They thought that architecture was mathematics translated into spatial units.

Answer 24

Renaissance Architects

Question 25

They thought music to be the geometry translated into sound

Answer 25

Greeks

Question 26

They applied the proportioning system developed by Pythagoras (which was based on the musical scale) and developed a progression of ratios that formed the basis of their architecture.

Answer 26

Renaissance Architects

Question 27

This proportioning system was made famous by the French-Swiss architect Le Corbusier.

Answer 27

Modulor

Question 28

This was based on the measuring concepts used by the Ancient Greeks, Egyptians and other high civilizations.

Answer 28

Modulor

Question 29

It uses the mathematical proportions of the human body as a point of reference.

Answer 29

Modulor

Question 30

The Modulor combines the aesthetic dimensions of the ____________ and ____________ with the scale of the human body.

Answer 30

Golden Section & Fibonacci numerical series

Question 31

He developed this system for the serial production of standard furniture and for determining the lengths, heights, and widths of inner spaces.

Answer 31

Le Corbusier

Question 32

It is a traditional Japanese unit of length.

Answer 32

Ken

Question 33

It originally designated the interval between two columns and it was standardized later for residential architecture.

Answer 33

Ken

Question 34

It was used as the absolute measurement for the construction of buildings and as an aesthetic module that ordered the structure, materials and space of Japanese architecture.

Answer 34

Ken

Question 35

Together with ken, another module also affected the design of Japanese spaces

Answer 35

Tatami

Question 36

the traditional Japanese floor mat

Answer 36

Tatami

Question 37

It was originally proportioned to accommodate two persons sitting or one person sleeping.

Answer 37

Tatami

Question 38

The smaller side of a tatami was equal to the?

Answer 38

ken and two kens equaled the length of a tatami.

Question 39

The Japanese inner spaces were formed according to

Answer 39

ken modules and the placement of tatamis

Question 40

This refers to the size and proportions of the human body.

Answer 40

ANTHROPOMETRY

Question 41

This search for the functional dimensions of the human body.

Answer 41

Anthropometric proportioning methods