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Perio Exam 1 > Lecture 2 > Flashcards

Lecture 2 Flashcards

1
Q

what is the origin of junctional epithelium during tooth eruption?

A

reduced dental epithelium

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2
Q

what is the origin of junctional epithelium after tooth eruption?

A

the cells of oral epithelium possess the ability to differentiate into cells of junctional epithelium

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3
Q

what is the structure of junctional epithelium?

A

widest in coronal portion (15-20 cell layers), thin towards the CEJ (3-4 cells)

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4
Q

does the junctional epithelium turnover?

A

yes- turnover rate faster than oral epithelium

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5
Q

does the junctional epithelium or oral epithelium have bigger size of cells?

A

junctional epithelium

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6
Q

does the junctional epithelium or oral epithelium have bigger size of intercellular space?

A

junctional epithelium

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7
Q

does the junctional epithelium or oral epithelium have bigger number of desmosomes?

A

oral epithelium

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8
Q

does the junctional epithelium or oral epithelium have potential to keratinize?

A

junctinal epithelium

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9
Q

how does junctional epithelium contact the tooth?

A

junctional epithelium is physically attached to the tooth, not simply in contact with it

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10
Q

when does periodontitis occur?

A

when junctional epithelium migrates apically down root surface

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11
Q

what is necessary for pocket formation?

A

viable junctional epithelium

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12
Q

what happens in necrotizing ulcerative periodontitis?

A

junctional epithelial cells die, so no pocketing

bone exposed

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13
Q

what is cal?

A

pocket depth+gingival recession

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14
Q

what cells are present in gingival connective tissue (lamina propria)?

A 
fibroblasts- synthesizes matrix and fibers
mast cells- vasoactive substances
macrophages- phagocytosis and synthesis
neutrophillic granulocytes
lymphocytes
plasma cells
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15
Q

what fibers are present in the gingival connective tissue?

A

collagen, reticulin, oxytalan, elastic

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16
Q

what do collagen fibers do?

A

characteristic cross banding

produced by fibroblasts, cementoblasts, and osteoblasts

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17
Q

what fibers are most abundant in gingival connective tissue?

A

collagen fibers

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18
Q

where are the reticulin fibers?

A

numerous adjacent to basement membrane

around blood vessels

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19
Q

where are the oxytalan fibers?

A

mostly in pdl

run parallel to long axis of tooth

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20
Q

where are the elastic fibers?

A

around blood vessel

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21
Q

what are the functions of the gingival fibers?

A

reinforce the gingiva
provide resilience and tone
maintain architectural form and integrity

22
Q

where are the circular fibers?

A

encircle tooth like a cuff

23
Q

where are the dentogingival fibers?

A

fan out from supra-crestal cementum into free gingiva

24
Q

where are the dentoperiosteal fibers?

A

run from supracrestal cementum into attached gingiva

25
Q

where are the transseptal fibers?

A

run from tooth to tooth (embedded in cementum)

26
Q

what is the structure of periodontal ligament?

A

richly vascular and cellular connective tissue surrounding the roots and joining cementum and alveolar bone

27
Q

what is the radiographic view of pdl?

A

the space between lamina dura (alveolar bone proper) and root surface
hourglass shape space
0.25 mm width

28
Q

what are the functions of pdl?

A

permits forces to be distributed

essential for tooth mobility

29
Q

what are the principal fibers of pdl?

A

alveolar crest fibers
horizontal fibers
oblique fibers
apical fibers

30
Q

what are the cells of pdl?

A

fibroblasts, osteoblasts, cementoblasts, osteoclasts, epithelial cells, nerve fibers, epithelial cell rests of mallassez

31
Q

where are the fibroblasts?

A

aligned along principal fibers

32
Q

where are the osteoblasts?

A

line bone surface

33
Q

where are the cementoblasts?

A

line cemental surface

34
Q

where are the osteoclasts?

A

multinucleated, create ruffled surface of bone

35
Q

what is cementum?

A

mineralized tissue covering tooth surface and occasionally small portions of the crown of the teeth

36
Q

how is cementum different from bone tissue?

A

no blood vessels
no lymph vessels
no innervation
no physiologic resorption/remodeling

37
Q

what are the other characteristics of cementum?

A

continuing deposition throughout life
collagen fibers embedded in organic matrix
high mineral content (65%), mainly HA

38
Q

what are the intrinsic cemental fibers?

A

produced by cementoblasts

composed of fibers oriented parallel to root

39
Q

what are the extrinsic fibers?

A

sharpey’s fibers

produced by pdl fibroblast

40
Q

what are the different forms of cemental fibers?

A

acellular, extrinsic fiber cementum- coronal or middle portion of the root
cellular, mixed stratified cementum- apical third of the root and in the furcations
cellular, intrinsic fiber cementum- in resorption lacunae

41
Q

what happens to cemental thickness throughout life?

A

increases by gradual apposition

42
Q

what is the cementum thickness in cervical portion of the root?

A

20-50um

43
Q

what is the cementum thickness in apical portion of the root?

A

150-250 um

44
Q

what does the alveolar bone consist of?

A

bone formed by both dental follicle and cells independent of tooth development

45
Q

what are the parts of alveolar bone?

A

cancellous bone, cortical bone, bone marrow

46
Q

what does the bone marrow consist of?

A

adipocytes, vascular structures, undifferentiated mesenchymal cells

47
Q

does the alveolar bone remodel?

A

remodels in response to forces and tooth movement

48
Q

how is the alveolar bone made?

A

osteoblasts produce bone matrix (osteoid) consisting of collagen fibers, glycoproteins, and proteoglycans
osteoid undergoes mineralization by the deposition of minerals (calcium and phosphate)

49
Q

what is the blood supply to gingiva?

A 
supraperiosteal vessels- terminal branches of 
sublingual
buccal
mental
facial
greater palatine
infraorbital
posterior superior dental
50
Q

what is the blood supplot to periodontal tissues?

A

dental artery
superior/inferior alveolar
intra-septa
rami perforantes (terminal branches of intra-septal, penetrate alveolar bone all through the socket)

51
Q

lymphatic system

A

submental lymph nodes
deep cervival lymph nodes
submandibular lymph nodes
jugulodigastric lymph node

52
Q

what are the nerves of the periodontium?

A 
end branches of trigeminal nerve: 
infraorbital
sublingual
posterior superior dental
mental
greater palatal
buccal
long sphenopalatine

Perio Exam 1 (6 decks)

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